Clouds and Sky

I. עָנָן87 n.m. Ex 19:16 cloud-mass, cloud;—(הֶ)ע׳ abs. Ex 19:9 +; cstr. עֲנַזִ Ho 6:4 +; sf. עֲנָֽנְךָ Nu 14:14, עֲנָנוֹ Jb 26:9; 37:15; pl. עֲנָנִים Je 4:13;— 1. cloud-mass: a. especially of theophanic cloud (58 times), chiefly at Exodus in JE (less often P), usually עַמּוּד הֶע׳ Ex 13:21, 22 + (v. עַמּוּד), but also ע׳ alone Ex 34:5 cf. 14:20 (J), Nu 10:34; 11:25; 14:14 (all JE); עַב־הֶע׳ Ex 19:9, ע׳ כָּבֵד v 16 (E); ע׳ in P Ex 16:10; 24:15 + 23 times; also Dt 1:33; 4:11; 5:19, ψ 78:14; 105:39; in temple 1 K 8:10, 11 = 2 Ch 5:13, 14, cf. Ez 1:4; 10:3, 4; hence in gen. ψ 97:2, as symbol of protection Is 4:5; as a barrier La 3:44; cf. וע׳ אֲבַק רַגְלָיו Na 1:3. b. of rain-bow cloud Gn 9:13, 14(×2), 16 (P), Ez 1:28 (sim.). c. עֲנַן־בֹּקֶר Ho 6:4; 13:3 (sim. of transitoriness; on phenom. in Pal. v. ChaplinPEQ, 1883, 19), cf. Is 44:22; Jb 7:9 (both id.); sim. of invasion Ez 38:9, 16, pl. Je 4:13. d. poet. in various connex. Jb 26:8, 9; 38:9; c. אוֹר as thunder-cloud 37:11, 15; e. symbol. of gloom Ez 30:18; 32:7; יוֹם ע׳ וַעֲרָפֶל Zp 1:15; Ez 34:12; Jo 2:2, cf. Ez 30:3 (all of day of י׳). †2. ע׳ קְטֹרֶת Lv 16:13 (P) cloud of incense, so Ez 8:11 (del. ע׳ 𝔊 Co Berthol, not Toy).

II. עָב33 n.m. Is 19, 1 and (1 K 18:44 KöSynt. 163) f. dark cloud, cloud-mass, thicket;—ע׳ abs. 1 K 18:44 +, cstr. Is 18:4; Pr 16:15; pl. עָבִים Ju 5:4 +, עָבוֹת 2 S 23:4 ψ 77:18; cstr. עָבֵי 2 S 22:12 ψ 18:12; sf. עָבָיו ψ 18:13 (but prob. del., v. עבר Qal ad fin.);— 1. dark cloud: a. rain-cloud Ju 5:4; Is 5:6; 1 K 18:44, 45 + 9 times. b. as high Is 14:14 Jb 20:6, + Ez 19:11; 31:3, 10, 14 (reading עָבוֹת, v. עֲבֹת). c. chariot of י׳ Is 19:1 ψ 104:3; covering his eyes Jb 22:14. d. casting shadow Is 25:5, cf. 2 S 23:4. e. as swift Is 60:8, and transient 44:22; Jb 30:15 (all sim.). f. disposed by God Jb 36:29; 37:16. g. ע׳ טַל Is 18:4 cloud of dew, dew-mist (sim.). 2. (cloud-) mass, ע׳ שְׁחָקִים 2 S 22:12 masses of clouds (enwrapping י׳) = ψ 18:12 (v 13 v. supr.). 3. thicket as refuge Je 4:29 (perhaps under Aramaic influence).—עַב Ex 19:9 v. עֲבִי" dir="rtl" >עֲבִי sub עָבָה" dir="rtl" >עבה. 1. עָב v. p. 712 supr.

νεφέλη, ἡ, (νέφος) cloud, mass of clouds (distinguished from ὁμίχλη, mist or fog, Refs 8th c.BC+; ν. κυανέη, πορφυρέη, Refs 8th c.BC+—Mostly poetry, but found in Refs 5th c.BC+ [same places], and in late Prose, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 metaphorically, νεφέλη δέ μιν ἀμφεκάλυψε κυανέη, of death, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὸν δ᾽ ἄχεος νεφέλη ἐκάλυψε μέλαινα a cloud of sorrow,Refs 5th c.BC+; Κενταύρου φονίᾳ νεφέλᾳ, i.e. with his blood, Refs 5th c.BC+; κελαινῶπις ν., of sleep, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of clouds in urine, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 ={νεφέλιον} 11.2, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 cloud on a mirror, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III fine bird-net, in plural, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV Alchem., sublimate, Refs 5th c.BC+

† שַׁ֫חַק n.m. Pr 3:20 dust, cloud (as fine, thin);—שׁ׳ abs. ψ 89:7, 38, cstr. Is 40:15; pl. שְׁחָקִים Dt 33:26 +;— 1. fine dust, שׁ׳ מֹאזְנַיִם Is 40:15 (sim. of insignif.). 2. (thin) cloud, usually pl. (often ‖ שָׁמַיִם), Dt 33:26 (poem), Is 45:8; Je 51:9; Jb 35:5; 36:28; 37:21; 38:37 ψ 36:6; 57:11; 68:35; 77:18; 78:23; 108:5; opp. תְּהוֹם Pr 3:20; 8:28; עָבֵי שׁ׳ 2 S 22:12 = ψ 18:12; = heavens, sky Jb 37:18 (c. הִרְקִיעַ), and (sg.) ψ 89:7, 38.

† II. [נָשִׂיא] n.[m.] rising mist, vapour (Arabic نَشْءٌ, نَشِىٌٔ );—only pl. נְשִׂאִים vapours, forming clouds, and portending rain, Je 10:13 = 51:16, ψ 135:7, נְשִׂיאִים Pr 25:14.

† אֵד n.m. mist (deriv. dub.; Arabic آدَ = be strong; مُؤْيِدٌ that which affords protection, shade; otherwise DlW 125) Gn 2:6; אֵדוֹ Jb 36:27.* Arabic derivation very dub.; DlW 125, cf. WB 22 KS 2:4 HptJAOS 1896, 158 ff. Gunk Gn 2:6 Holz Gn 2:6 Buhl cp. Assyrian edu, flood, mass of waters (√ אדה), editu, overflow (for irrigation); 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Aq in Gn 2:6 have spring, 𝔗 cloud, so 𝔊 𝔗 Jb 36:27; add perhaps Jb 36:30 אֵדוֹ for אוֹרוֹ (Du Dr).

εὐδία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, fair weather, εὐδία ἐκ χειμῶνος Refs 5th c.BC+; εὐδίας (genitive) in fine weather, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, tranquillity, peace, Refs 5th c.BC+ W.; of the mind, Refs 5th c.BC+; σαρκὸς εὐ. good condition of.., Refs 1st c.AD+; εἰς ἔμ᾽ εὐδίαν ἔχων being at ease so far as I am concerned, Refs 5th c.BC+

νέφος, εος, τό, cloud, mass of clouds, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically Refs 8th c.BC+; σκότου ν., of blindness, Refs 5th c.BC+; ν. οἰμωγῆς, στεναγμῶν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὀφρύων ν. a cloud upon the brow, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, also, a cloud of men, etc., ν. πεζῶν, Τρώων, Refs 8th c.BC+; ψαρῶν, κολοιῶν,Refs 5th c.BC+; πενεστάων ν.NT; πολέμοιο ν. the cloud of battle, thick of the fight, Refs 8th c.BC+. (Cf. Sanskrit nábhas 'fog', 'cloud', Slavonic nebo 'heaven', Latin nebula.)

† [עוּב] vb.denom. Hiph. becloud, Impf. 3 ms. יָעִיב בְּאַפּוֹ אֲדֹנָי אֶת־בַּת־צִיּוֹן La 2:1 (Bu הֵעִיב).

† [עֲנָן K§ 57 a) α)] n.[m.

† עֲנָנָה n.f. cloud (Ges§ 122t) Jb 3:5.

† [עָרִיף] n.[m.] cloud;—pl. sf. בַּעֲרִיפֶיהָ Is 5:30 (PerlesJQ 1899, 689 proposes בְּעַד יָפְיָהּ, referring sf. to ארץ, and cp. ψ 139:11).