Blowing and Breathing

† [הֲפוּגָה] n.f. id.;—pl. מֵאֵין הֲפֻגוֹת La 3:49 (of weeping; form very strange, read prob. פֻּגוֹת),

† [נָפַח] vb. breathe, blow (כור נפוח Ecclus 43:4 a furnace blown upon (heated hot); NH נָפַח, id., 𝔗 נְפַח, Syriac ܢܦܰܚ; Assyrian napâḫu, inflame, nappaḫu, smith DlHWB 474; Arabic (نَفَحَ and) نَفَخ�� blow; Ethiopic ነፍኀ: or ነፍሐ: Di712);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. נָֽפְחָה Je 15:9; וְנָפַ֫חְתִּי Hg 1:9; וְנָפַחְתִּ֫י Ez 22:21; Impf. וַיִּפַּח Gn 2:7; Imv. fs. פְּחִי Ez 37:9; Inf. (לָ)פַ֫חַת Ez 22:20; Pt. act. נֹפֵחַ Is 54:16; pass. נָפוּחַ Je 1:13 Jb 41:12;—breathe, blow, וַיִּפַּח בְּאַפּוֹ נִשְׁמַת חַיִּים Gn 2:7 (J); sq. ב also Ez 37:9; Is 54:16 and Hg 1:9 blow into it (to scatter it); sq. עַל־: לָפַחַת עָלָיו אֵשׁ Ez 22:20 to blow fire upon it (ore, for melting), so fig. Ez 22:21 and I will blow upon you with (ב) the fire of my wrath; נ׳ נַפְשָׁהּ Je 15:9 she hath breathed out her life (of a mother, cf. Hiph.); abs. סִיר נָפוּחַ Je 1:13 a blown (i.e. well-heated, boiling) pot, cf. דּוּד" dir="rtl" >דּוּד נ׳ Jb 41:12 (sim.). Pu. Pf. אֵשׁ לֹא נֻפָּ֑ח Jb 20:26 a fire not blown (by any human breath). So perhaps also Nu 21:30 (reading עַד־נֻפַּח אֵשׁ וגו׳ until fire was blown [hot] as far as Medeba), cf. Di. Hiph. Pf. 1 s. נֶפֶשׁ בְּעָלֶיהָ חִפָּ֑חְתִּי Jb 31:39 (or if) the life of its (the land’s) owners I have caused them to breathe out; וְהִפַּחְתֶּם אוֹתוֹ Mal 1:13 and ye have sniffed at it (in contempt).

† I. שָׁאַף vb. gasp, pant, pant after, long for (so 𝔗 Jb 7:2);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְשָׁאַף consec. Jb 5:5, 3 fs. שָֽׁאֲפָה Je 2:24, 3 pl. שָֽׁאֲפוּ 14:6; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁאַף Jb 7:2, etc.; Pt. act. שׁוֹאֵף Ec 1:5;— 1. gasp, as a woman in travail, fig. of י׳, Is 42:14 (‖ נָשַׁם); pant after, snuff up the wind (acc.), of wild ass Je 2:24; 14:6; constr. praegn. וְאֶל־מְקוֹמוֹ שׁ׳ Ec 1:5 unto his place he panteth (comes panting), of sun under fig. of racer. 2. gasp or pant with desire ψ 119:131 (‖ יָאַב); pant after, be eager for, c. acc. Jb 5:5 (cf. צַמִּים p. 855b), 7:2 (‖ יְקַזֶּה), 36:20 (but obscure in context).

πνέω, poetry πνείω as always in Refs 8th c.BC+future πνεύσομαι (ἐκ-) Refs 5th c.BC+; also πνευσοῦμαι LXX+5th c.BC+ is falsa lectio in Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἔπνευσα Refs 8th c.BC+perfect πέπνευκα (ἐπι-) Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, future πνευσθήσομαι (δια-) Refs 2nd c.AD+aorist ἐπνεύσθην (δι-) Refs 8th c.BC+present and imperfect, to which Trag. add future and aorist 1 active —For the form ἄμπνυε, see. {ἀναπνέω}; for ἀμπνύνθη, -πνυτο, see at {ἄμπνυτο}; and for perfect passive πέπνῡμαι, participle πεπνῡμένος, see at {πέπνυμαι}.—Like other disyllable Verbs in -έω, this Verb contracts only εε, εε; but ἐκπνέων is disyllable in Refs 4th c.BC+:—blow, of wind and air, οὐδέ ποτ᾽ οὖροι πνείοντες φαίνονθ᾽ Refs 8th c.BC+; τῷ πνέοντι (i.e. ἀνέμῳ or πνεύματι) Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἡ πνέουσα (i.e. αὔρα) NT; also of a flute-player, μέγα πνέων Refs 2nd c.AD+; and of the flutes themselves, αὐλοὺς ἡδὺ πνέοντας Refs; πνεῖται flutes are sounding, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II breathe, send forth an odour, ἀμβροσίη.. ἡδὺ πνείουσα Refs 8th c.BC+; π. εὐῶδες, δυσῶδες, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2 with accusative, breathe out, send forth, Ζεφύρου πνείοντος ἐέρσην Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II.3 with genitive, breathe or smell of a thing, οὐ μύρου πνέον Refs 5th c.BC+: rarely with dative, μύροισι π. smell with.., Refs: frequently metaphorically, breathe, be redolent of, Χαρίτων πνείοντα μέλη Refs 4th c.BC+; φόνου π. conjecture in Refs 1st c.BC+ __III of perceptible breathing, [ἵππω] πνείοντε κατ᾽ ὤμων Refs 8th c.BC+ __IV generally, draw breath, breathe: hence, live, Refs 8th c.BC+; οἱ πνέοντες, ={οἱ ζῶντες}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __V metaphorically, with accusative cognate, breathe forth, μένεα πνείοντες breathing spirit, epithet of warriors, Refs 8th c.BC+; φρενὸς πνέων τροπαίαν Refs; πνέων χάριν τινίRefs 5th c.BC+; τρέχει τις Ἀλφειὸν πνέων, of a swift runner, Refs; and in a rhetorical passage, οἱ πῦρ πνέοντες, οἱ νενικηκότες Λακεδαιμονίους Refs 5th c.BC+ __V.2 with neuter adjectives or Prons., πνέοντες μεγάλα giving themselves airs, Refs 5th c.BC+; τόσονδ᾽ ἔπνευσαςRefs 5th c.BC+ breathing over their shields, i. e. unable to repress their rage for war, Refs 8th c.BC+; ᾧ σὺ μὴ πνεύσῃς ἐνδέξιος on whom thou breathest not favourably, Refs 3rd c.BC+

† נָשַׁף vb. blow (NH = BH; Chr-Pal.-Aramaic ܢܫܦ SchwallyIdiot. 58; Arabic نَسَفَ (vulg.) id. (Dozy ii. 667; on usually meaning cf. WetzstZPV xiv. 7); ‖ form of נשׁב, cf. Jen ZA iv (1889), 268);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ בָּהֶם Is 40:24 he hath blown upon them (of י׳ under fig. of wind); 2 ms. נָשַׁפְתָּ בְרוּחֲךָ Ex 15:10 (song).

ἐμπνέω, poetry ἐμ-πνείω, future -πνεύσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+; later -πνεύσω Refs 5th c.AD+:—blow or breathe upon, with dative, πόντῳ Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐμπνείοντε μεταφρένῳ, of horses so close behind as to breathe upon one's back, Refs 8th c.BC+; of a lover, Refs 5th c.AD+; κατ᾽ οὖρον, ὥσπερ ἱστίοις, ἐμπνεύσομαι τῇδε E.[same place]; ἄνεμος ἐμπνεύσας δορί Refs; [αὐλοῖς] ἐμπνεῖν breathe into, play the flute, Refs 7th c.BC+:—passive, ἐμπνεόμενα ὄργανα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 absolutely, breathe in, inhale, Refs 5th c.BC+; but usually, __2.b breathe, live, be alive, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἐμπνέοντα, ={ἔμψυχα}, Refs 3rd c.BC+; of one expiring, βλέποντα κἀμπνέοντ᾽ ἔτι Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 with genitive, breathe of, be laden with, Ἀραβίης ὀδμῆς NT+5th c.AD+ __II transitive, blow into, ἄνεμος μέσον ἱστίον ἐ. swell the sail, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 breathe into, infuse into, μένος, θάρσος. τινί, Refs 8th c.BC+; [Μοῦσαι] ἐνέπνευσαν δέ μοι αὐδήν Refs 8th c.BC+infinitive pro accusative, φᾶρος ἐνέπνευσε φρεσὶν ὑφαίνειν breathed into my mind (i.e. inspired me with the thought) to weave it, Refs 8th c.BC+:— passive, to be inspired, ὑπὸ θεοῦ Refs 1st c.AD+

ἐμφῡσ-άω, blow in, ἐς τὰς ῥῖνας Refs 2nd c.AD+; αὐλητρὶς ἐνεφύσησε breathed into the flute, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἴνῳ ἐ. Refs __II breathe upon, τινί, εἴς τινα, LXX+NT __III blow up, inflate, τὸ μὲν [τῆς τροφῆς] ἐμφυσᾶν, τὸ δὲ σαρκοῦν Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, to be inflated or, generally, swollen, Refs 5th c.BC+

ὑποπνέω, blow underneath, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II blow gently, NT

† [זָרַר] vb. only Po. sneeze (cf. זְרִירוֹ(ה)י 𝔗 Jb 41:10 for Heb. עֲטִישֹׁתָיו; vb. prob. onomatop.);—וַיְזוֹרֵר הַנַּעַר עד שׁבע פעמים 2 K 4:35. וַיְזוֹרֵר 2 K 4:35 om. 𝔊 Gr Bur think MT arose (by dittogr.) from וַיִּגְהַר עַל־הַנַּעַר.

[יָפַח] vb. breathe, puff (by-form of פּוּחַ, q.v.; see BaNB 189; cf. Talm יפח breath)—only Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. תִּתְיַפֵּחַ Je 4:31 she gaspeth for breath.

† מַפֻּחַ n.m. bellows;—נָחַר מ׳ Je 6:29 (fig. of vain prophetic labour).

† [נשׁם] vb. pant (NH in nn. נְשִׁימָה, נְשָׁמָה, 𝔗 נִשְׁמָא, נִשְׁמְתָא; late Aramaic Ithpe.; Syriac ܢܫܰܡ breathe, blow; Arabic نَسَمَ gently breathe (of wind), etc.; v. seek a thing with labour and perseverance (Lane 3032); نَسَمَةٌ a soul, Lane ib.);—pant, of the deep and strong breathing of a woman in travail; Qal Impf. 1 s. אֶשֹּׁם Is 42:14.