Blindness Physical Spiritual

τυφλός, ή, όν, blind, once in Refs 8th c.BC+, frequently in other writers; τυφλὸς ἐκ δεδορκότος Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. Ἄρης, Πλοῦτος, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τ. ὄψις, ὀφθαλμοί, Refs 5th c.BC+ blind to.., Refs 5th c.BC+; but τ. τῆς προνοίας lacking vision of the future, Refs; τὰ τ. τοῦ σώματος, i. e. one's back, Refs 5th c.BC+; καὶ τυφλῷ γε δῆλον even a blind man can see that, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of the limbs of the blind, τ. πούς Refs 5th c.BC+; [βάκτρον], τοξεύματα, Refs __3 metaphorically of the other senses and the mind, τ. ἦτορ Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 metaphorically, τ. ὄλβος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of things, dark, dim, obscure, ἐλπίδες Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. σπιλάδες blind rocks, Refs 5th c.BC+hidden, Refs 1st c.AD+; τ. κίνημα, of revolution, Refs __II.2 of passages or apertures, blind, closed, with no outlet, τοῦ ἐντέρου τυφλόν τι, of the intestinum caecum (τὸ τυφλόν in Refs 4th c.BC+; τ. τρῆμα the foramen caecum (stylo-mastoid), Refs 1st c.BC+; τ. ῥύμη a blind alley, Refs 1st c.AD+; of rivers and harbours, choked with mud, Refs 1st c.AD+; of the halcyon's nest, closed, tight, Refs; τυφλοὶ ὄζοι branches without buds or eyes, Refs 4th c.BC+dark, trackless, Refs; τ. μώλωψ a wound without an outlet, Refs 1st c.AD+; τὸ τ. ἅμμα καλούμενον the so-called unescapable knot, Refs 2nd c.AD+; of a hook (compare τυφλάγκιστρον), blunt, Refs 4th c.AD+ __III adverb, πρὸς τὸ ὠφέλιμον τυφλῶς ἔχειν to be blind to it, Refs 5th c.BC+. [ῠ by nature, Refs 5th c.BC+: perhaps cf. Gothic daufs, ORefs 5th c.BC+ déaf 'stupid', Olr. dub 'black'.]

† עִוֵּר adj. blind;—only abs. ע׳ Ex 4:11 +, pl. עִוְרִים 2 S 5:6 +, f. עִוְרוֹת Is 42:7; (c. art. הָעִוֵּר Dt 28:29, elsewhere הַע׳ Baer Ginsb; van d. H. לָעִוֵּר Jb 29:15, הָעִוְרִים 2 S 5:6, 8; Is 42:18);—blind, usually as subst. = the blind: 1. lit., physically blind: a. of men Ex 4:11 (J; opp. פִּקֵּחַ), 2 S 5:6, 8(×2); Lv 19:14 (H), Dt 27:18; Je 31:8 Jb 29:15; in sim. Dt 28:29; Zp 1:17; Is 59:10, cf. La 4:14 (appos.); as adj. attribute אִישׁ ע׳ Lv 21:18 (H). b. of sacrif. animal Dt 15:21; Mal 1:8. 2. fig., a. of the helpless, groping Is 29:18; 35:5; 42:16 ψ 146:8; as adj. attribute, עֵינַיִם עִוְרוֹת Is 42:7. b. of the dull, unreceptive, Is 42:18, 19(×3) (but v 19 c read חֵרֵשׁ q.v.); as adj. attrib. עַם עִוֵּר 43:8; as predicate 56:10.

† [עָוַר] vb.Pi. make blind, blind (orig. meaning of √ dub.; Thes עור = dig (Arabic غَارٌ etc. cave); HalRÉJ xi, 67 cp. עוֹר skin, whence blindness as cataract;—Aramaic adj. עֲוִיר, ܥܘܺܪ blind, Pa. עַוַּר, ܥܰܘܰܪ = Heb. Pi.; Arabic عَوِرَ be one-eyed, Ethiopic ዖረ be blind Di 995);— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. עִוֵּר 2 K 25:7, c. עֵינֵי put out the eyes of = Je 39:7 = 52:11; Impf. 3 ms. יְעַוֵּר fig., Ex 23:8 (E) a bribe blindeth, c. acc. pers. (Sam. 𝔊 ins. עֵינֵי); Dt 16:19, c. עֵינֵי.

τυφλό-ω, blind, make blind, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+; ὄμματα, ὄψιν, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be blinded, to be or become blind, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἕλκος τυφλωθέν a blinding wound (passive of τυφλόω ἕλκος inflict a blinding wound), Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, blind, baffle, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II make blind or without passage, stop up, τὰς διόδους ἁμάξαις Refs 4th c.BC+; τ. ὀφθαλμοὺς [ἀμπέλου] Refsmakeit cease to yield milk, Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, βλάστησις τυφλουμένη Refs 4th c.BC+:—also in middle, τυφλώσατο νηδύς Refs 2nd c.BC+

† סַנְוֵרִים n.[m.] pl. intens. vel abstr. (Sta§ 324 b) sudden blindness (etym. dub.; der. from נוּרִ highly improb., whether antiphr. Wetzst De ψψ 4, 886 Köii. 1, 404, or from dazzling, cf. ‘flimmern’ HoffmZAW ii (1882), 68; but also view of HalRÉJ xi. 66 deriv. from √ סנר cover with a skin, i.e. produce film over, lacks demonstration; at present we must be content with assuming quadrilit. √, Thes Sta§ 243);—הִכּוּ בַּסּ׳ Gn 19:11 (J) they smote the men with sudden blindness, cf. 2 K 6:18(×2) (all cases miraculous, and in K temporary).

† I. [שָׁעַע] vb. be smeared over, blinded (Aramaic שְׁעַע smear (akin to שׁוּעַ id.), ܐܰܫܰܥ to smooth, שָׁעִיעַ smooth (of words), flattering, ܫܰܥܺܝܥ smooth (cf. also ܫܘܥ, ܫܳܥ smear over, close up));— Qal Imv. + Hithpalp. Imv. mpl. הִשְׁתַּעַשְׁעוּ וָשֹׁ֑עוּ Is 29:9 blind yourselves and be blind! (‖ הִתְמַהְמְהוּ וּתִמָ֔הוּ); > Buhl הִשְׁתָּעוּ וּשְׁעוּ, √ שׁעה look about (2 S 22:42); Is 32:3 read prob. 3 fpl. תְּשֹׁעֶינָה, of eyes, be blinded (v. שׁעה). Hiph. Imv. ms. וְעֵינָיו הָשַׁ֑ע Is 6:10 and its eyes besmear!—So perhaps הָשַׁע ψ 39:14 (עֵינֶיךָ om.) was intended by Mas. (but wrongly, v. Ol al.); see שָׁעָה" dir="rtl" >שָׁעָה.

μον-όφθαλμος, Ionic dialect μουν-, ον, one-eyed, NT+5th c.BC+; explained as one who has one eye, like the Cyclops, opposed to ἑτερόφθαλμος, one who has lost an eye, Refs 1st c.AD+

† עִוָּרוֹן n.[m.] blindness;—only in phr. (subj. י׳), smite (הִכָּה) with blindness: fig. of ‘blind incapacity’ (Dr) בְּע׳ Dt 28:28; of smiting horses בַּע׳ Zc 12:4, i.e. with blind staggers, making them helplessly wild.

μῠωπ-άζω, blink the eyes, as shortsighted persons do: hence, to be shortsighted, metaphorically, NT

† עַוֶּ֫רֶת n.f. id.;—of sacrif. animals, abstr. for concr., Lv 22:22 (H).