Birth Being Born

יָלַד497 vb. bear, bring forth, beget (NH id.; Aramaic יְלִיד, יְלֵיד, ܝܺܠܶܕ; Arabic وَلَدَ bear, bring forth, so Ethiopic ወለደ Assyrian alâdu, COTGloss)— Qal Pf. יָלַד Gn 4:18(×3) + 16 times; יָלָ֑ד Je 17:11; וְיָלַד consec. ψ 7:15; sf. יְלָֽדְךָ Dt 32:18; 2 fs. sf. ילדתני Je 2:27 Kt; Qr יְלִדְתָּנוּ Köi. 410 Ges§ 69 s); 1 s. sf. יְלִדְתִּ֫יךָ ψ 2:7; יְלִדְתִּ֫יהוּ Nu 11:12, etc.; Impf. יֵלֶד(יֹום) Pr 27:1; 3 fs. תֵּלֵד Gn 17:17 + 6 times; וַתֵּ֫לֶד 4:1 + 61 times; 2 fs. תֵּלְדִי 3:16; אֵלֵד 18:13; וָאֵלֵד 1 K 3:17; יֵֽלְדוּ Is 65:23; 3 fpl. תֵּלַדְנָה Je 29:6; וַתֵּלַדְנָה Ez 23:4; וַתֵּלַדְןָ Gn 30:39, etc.; Inf. abs. יָלֹד Jb 15:35; cstr. לֵדָה Ho 9:11 + 3 times; לֶ֫דֶת Gn 4:2 Zp 2:2 (v. טֶרֶם) + 9 times; לָלַת 1 S 4:19 (Köi, 402, v. Dr); sf. לִדְתִּי 1 K 3:18, etc.; Pt. act. יֹלֵר Pr 17:21 Je 30:6, etc.; f. יוֹלֵדָה Ho 13:13 + 12 times; יֹלֶ֫דֶת Gn 17:19 + 4 times; יֹלַדְתְּ 16:11 + 2 times (Köi. 404 f.; perhaps יֹלֶדֶת intended by Kt, cf. Sta§ 213 b); sf. Pr 23:25; יוֹלַדְתּוֹ Pr 17:25, etc.; pl. יֹלְדוֹת Je 16:3; Pt. pass. יָלוּד 1 K 3:26, 27; cstr. יְלוּד Jb 14:1 + 2 times; pl. יְלוּדִים 1 Ch 14:4;— 1. bear, bring forth: a. (to mother a child,) so commonly, c. 208 times; sq. acc. Gn 3:16; 4:1 & constantly; acc. om. 6:4; 16:1 = be delivered of a child, 1 K 3:17, 18 2 K 19:3 = Is 37:3 (in proverb c. neg., i.e. human power exhausted); of animals Gn 30:39; 31:8(×2) Je 14:5; 17:11 (bird laying eggs, or hatching out young), Ez 31:6 Jb 39:1, 2; but also of whole process of labour (cf. חול) וַתְּקַשׁ בְּלִדְתָּהּ Gn 35:16 cf. v 17, 38:27, 28, cf. 1 S 14:19 Je 31:8 Mi 5:2 (of a man, as preposterous, Je 30:6, cf. Moses as mother of Israel Nu 11:12). b. hence in simile of distress Mi 4:9, 10 Is 13:8; 21:3; 42:14 Je 6:24; 13:21; 22:23; 30:6; 49:24; 50:43 ψ 48:7, cf. Ho 13:13; ילד על־ברכים (StaZAW 1886, 143 ff.) Gn 30:3; 50:23 (cf. Jb 3:12). c. fig. of wicked וְהָרָה עָמָל וְיָלַד שָׁ֑קֶר ψ 7:15 cf. Jb 15:35 also Is 33:11; of Israelites, bringing forth wind (of vain efforts for deliverance) 26:18; כְּפֹר שָׁמַיִם מִי יְלָדוֹ Jb 38:29; of Tyre as mother of her inhabitants Is 23:4; of Jerus. Is 51:18; 54:1; 66:7, 8 Ez 16:20, Isr. bearing disloyal children Ho 5:7; Jerus. and Sam., as Oholibah and Oholah Ez 23:37; of Babylon Je 50:12; of a day, as producing events לֹא־תֵדַע מַה יֵּ֫לֶד יוֹם Pr 27:1; perhaps of God (fig. of rock צוּר), as mother of Isr. bringing forth with labour Dt 32:18 yet v. 2. 2. less often beget: a. lit., c. 22 times; always c. acc.; in Hex a mark of J; Gn 4:18(×3); 10:8, 13, 15, 24(×2), 26 = 1 Ch 1:10, 11, 13, 18(×2), 20, Gn 22:23; 25:3 (Dt 32:18 & Nu 11:12 E are dub.; P uses Hiph.), elsewhere Pr 17:21; 23:22, 24 Dn 11:6. b. beget, fig. ψ 2:7 of י׳’s formally installing king into theocratic rights. 3. Zc 13:3(×2), of both parents (lit.); Pt. pass. 3 times = child 1 K 3:26, 27 where mother is named, 1 Ch 14:4 where father named. †Niph. Pf. נוֹלַד 1 Ch 2:3 + 6 times + הנּוֹלַד־ Gn 21:3 according to points, but read Pt. (v. Di); נוּ֯לְּדוּ 3:5; 20:8 (cf. Ol§ 263 b Ges§ 69, 5t); Impf. יִוָּלֵד Gn 17:17 + 4 times; יִוָּ֑לֶד Is 66:8; וַיִּוָּלֵד Gn 4:18 + 2 times, etc.; Inf. הִוָּ֑לֶד Gn 21:5; הִוָּֽלְדוֹ Ec 7:1; הִוָּֽלְדָהּ Ho 2:5; Pt. נוֹלָד 1 K 13:2 + 3 times (Gn 21:3 v. supr.); נוֹלָדִים 48:5 1 Ch 7:21;—be born: of human beings, sq. לְ (born to such and such a man), Gn 4:18; 10:1; 17:17; 21:3, 5; 46:20, 48:5 Nu 26:60 Dt 23:9 2 S 3:2 (Qr), 5:13; 14:27 1 Ch 2:3, 9; 3:1, 4, 5; 20:6, 8; 22:9; 26:6 Jb 1:2 cf. 1 K 13:2; without לְ, Jb 3:3; 38:21 ψ 78:6 1 Ch 7:21 Ec 7:1 (טוֹב שֵׁם מִשֶּׁמֶן טוֹב וְיוֹם הַמָּוֶת מִיּוֹם הִוָּֽלְֽדוֹ׃); metaph. of Israel (under fig. of unfaithful wife) Ho 2:5; of nation, גּוֹי, Is 66:8, people, עַם, ψ 22:32; of animals Lv 22:27 Dt 15:19; Pt. כָּל־נָשִׁים וְהַנּוֹלָד מֵהֶם Ezr 10:3; c. pred. or appos. on which emph. rests, נ׳ רָ֑שׁ Ec 4:14 he was born poor; אֹהֵב הָרֵ֑ע וְאָח לְצָרָה יִוָּלֵד Pr 17:17; עַיִר פרא אדם יִוָּלֵד Jb 11:12; 15:7. †Pi. Inf. יַלֶּדְכֶן Ex 1:16; Pt. abs. מְיַלֶּדֶת Gn 35:17 + 2 times; pl. abs. מְיַלְּדוֹת Ex 1:15 + 5 times in Ex 1;—cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife Ex 1:16 sq. acc.; elsewhere only Pt. f. as subst. = midwife; Gn 35:17 (E), 38:28 (J), Ex 1:15, 17, 18, 19(×2), 20, 21 (E). †Pu. Pf. יֻלַּד Gn 4:26 + 13 times; יוּלַּד Ju 18:29; יֻלָּד֙ Gn 41:50; יוּלָּ֑ד Jb 5:7; יֻלְּדוּ Gn 6:1 + 4 times + 2 S 3:2 Kt (Qr וַיִּוָּֽלְדוּ); יֻלָּ֑דוּ ψ 90:2, etc.; Pt. (? cf. Köi. 433; Ges§ 52e, s) הַיּוּלָּד Ju 13:8 (Böii.p. 244 pass. Qal); i.q. Niph. be born, sq. לְ of father Gn 4:26; 6:1; 10:21, 25; 24:15 (all J), 41:50 (E), 35:26; 36:5; 46:22, 27 (all P), Ju 18:29; 2 S 3:2, 5; 21:20, 22; 1 Ch 1:19; Je 20:15; sq. לְ before grandmother’s name Ru 4:17 cf. לָ֫נוּ Is 9:5; sq. לְ of purpose, destiny, אדם לעמל יוּלָּ֑ד Jb 5:7; יֻלְּדוּ עַל־בִּרְכֵי יוֹסֵף Gn 50:23 (E; Sam. בִּימֵי יו׳, cit. Di) denoting recognition of children as his; no prep. Je 20:14; 22:26, cf. Ju 13:8 (v. supr.); fig. of foreigners incorporated in spiritual Zion ψ 87:4, 5, 6; of production of mountains ψ 90:2. Hiph. Pf. הוֹלִיד Gn 11:27; +; הוֹלִד Nu 26:58; הֹלִיד 1 Ch 2:36 +; sf. וְהוֹלִידָהּ consec. Is 55:10; הוֹלַדְ֫תָּ Gn 48:6, etc.; Impf. יוֹלִיד Gn 17:20 Ec 6:3; וַיּ֫וֹלֶד Gn 5:3 +; 2 ms. תּוֹלִיד Dt 4:25 + 4 times; אוֹלִיד Is 66:9; Imv. הוֹלִי֫דוּ Je 29:6; Inf. abs. הוֹלֵיד Is 59:4; cstr. sf. הוֹלִידוֹ Gn 5:4 + 16 times; Pt. מוֹלִיד Is 66:9; מוֹלִדִים Je 16:3;— 1. beget (a father a child) Gn 5:3, 4(×2) + 56 times in Gn., Lv 25:45 Nu 26:29, 58 (all these P, v. sub Qal) + Dt 4:25; 28:41 (v. Di), 1 Ch 2:10(×2), 11(×2) + 84 times Chr.; Ru 4:18 + 8 times, Ju 11:1; 2 K 20:18 = Is 39:7, Je 29:6; Ez 18:10, 14; 47:22; Ec 5:13; 6:3, cf. Is 45:10; also Je 16:3 אֲבוֹתָם הַמּוֹלִדִים אוֹתָם, cf. freq. Assyrian abu bânûa, e.g. VR 1:8; fig. of producing dewdrops Jb 38:28; of causing the earth to bear grain Is 55:10; causing Zion to bring forth 66:9. 2. bear, only fig. 59:4 (‖ הָרוֹ), of wicked, bringing forth iniquity (this favoured by context; others, beget). †Hoph. Inf. הֻלֶּדֶת Gn 40:20; Ez 16:5; הוּלֶּ֫דֶת Ez 16:4 (Co as foregoing); only יוֹם ה׳ אֶת־ Gn 40:20 Ez 16:4, 5 day of one’s being born = birthday. †Hithp. Impf. וַיִּתְיַלְּדוּ Nu 1:18 denom. from תולדת declared their pedigree (v. Di).

γενν-άω, future middle γεννήσομαι in passive sense, Refs 1st c.BC+ (but -ηθήσομαιRefs: (γέννα):—causal of γίγνομαι (compare γείνομαι), mostly of the father, beget, ὁ γεννήσας πατήρ Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ γεννήσαντές σε your parents, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅθεν γεγενναμένοι sprung, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the mother, bring forth, bear, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, produce from oneself, create, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 produce, grow, get, κἂν σῶμα γεννήσῃ μέγα Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, engender, produce, λήθη τῶν ἰδίων κακῶν θρασύτητα γεννᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+; γεννῶσι τὸν οὐρανὸν [οἱ φιλόσοφοι] call it into existence, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὁ ἐξ ἀσωμάτου γεννῶν λόγοςRefs 3rd c.AD+; of numbers, produce a total, Refs 1st c.AD+

† מוֹלֶ֫דֶת n.f. kindred, birth, offspring;—מ׳ cstr. Lv 18:9, 11; sf. מוֹלַדְתִּי Gn 24:4 + 3 times, etc.; pl. sf. מוֹלְדוֹתַיִךְ Ez 16:4; מֹלְדֹתַיִךְ v 3;— 1. kindred Gn 12:1 (‖ ארצך, ביתאביך), 24:4; 32:10 (‖ ארץ), Nu 10:30 (‖ id.), Gn 31:3 (‖ ארץ אבותיך), 43:7 (all J); ‖ עַם Est 2:10, 20 8:6; especially אֶרֶץ מ׳ land of one’s kindred Gn 11:28; 24:7 (both J), 31:13 (E), Je 22:10; 46:16 Ez 23:15; Ru 2:11. 2. pl. circumstances of birth, birth (fig. of origin of Jerus.) מְכֹרֹתַיִךְ וּמ׳ מֵאֶרֶץ הַכְּנַעֲנִי Ez 16:3, cf. v 4. 3. (female) offspring, one born Lv 18:9(×2), begotten v 11 (all H); coll. = issue, offspring מוֹלַדְתְּךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹלַ֫דְתָּ Gn 48:6 (P).

τίκ-τω, Refs 8th c.BC+: future τέξω Refs 8th c.BC+; poetry infinitive also τεκεῖσθαι Refs 4th c.BC+: aorist ἔτεκον, Epic dialect τέκον, Refs 8th c.BC+, etc.: aorist 1 ἔτεξα only late, Refs 5th c.AD+ is probable reading in Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect τέτοκα Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, in same sense as active, only in Poets, Refs 4th c.BC+: future (see. above): aorist ἐτεκόμην Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect τεκόμην Refs 8th c.BC+; subjunctive τέκηαι Refs 3rd c.BC+:—passive, present indicative τίκτεται Refs 4th c.BC+; infinitive τίκτεσθαι Refs 2nd c.AD+participle τικτόμενοςRefs: future τεχθήσομαι Refs 1st c.AD+: aorist ἐτέχθην LXX+5th c.BC+perfect τέτεγμαι, infinitive τετέχθαι, Refs 2nd c.AD+--These passive tenses seem not to have been used in correct Attic dialect:—bring into the world, engender; of the father, beget, of the mother, bring forth. __I imperfect active τίκτε, ἔτικτε, in Refs 8th c.BC+ usually of the father, Refs 8th c.BC+, Lyric poetry, and Trag. the present and imperfect are also used of the mother, ἃ Θήβαν ἔτικτεν Refs 5th c.BC+; δεινὸν τὸ τίκτεινRefs 5th c.BC+; of both parents. Στάσις δὲ καὶ Κρόνος.. τίκτετον τύραννον Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 aorist active τέκε, ἔτεκε, mostly of the mother, Refs 8th c.BC+ (also future middle τέξεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ of the father, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.3 the aorist middle τέκετο is commonly used of the father, as Refs 8th c.BC+ of the mother, Refs 8th c.BC+; so τῶν τεκομένων of the mother, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.4 the two are conjoined, ὃν τέκετο θάνατος, ἔτεκε δ᾽ αἰόλος δράκων Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.5 aorist active is used in plural of both parents, Refs 8th c.BC+; aorist middle τεκόμεσθα, Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.5.b οἱ τεκόντες the parents, Refs 5th c.BC+; the Article is rarely omitted, πατέρων τε καὶ τεκόντων Refs 4th c.BC+ the father, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἁ τεκοῦσα the mother, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ τ. αὐτόν his mother, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.6 frequently in in Medicine texts and other Prose, of women, τίκτουσι ῥηϊδίως Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of female animals, bear young, breed, of mares, Refs 8th c.BC+; of cows, Refs 8th c.BC+; of sheep, Refs 8th c.BC+; of the hare, τὰ μὲν τέτοκε, τὰ δὲ τίκτει, τὰ δὲ κύει Refs 5th c.BC+; of birds, hatch, Refs 8th c.BC+; ᾠὰ τ. lay eggs, Refs 5th c.BC+; of fish, spawn, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III of the earth, bear, produce, ἔμπεδα μῆλα (sheep) Refs 8th c.BC+:—middle, γαῖαν.., ἣ τὰ πάντα τίκτεται Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, τίκτεσθαι δὲ φόρους γᾶς.. εὐχόμεθ᾽ ἀεί Refs __IV metaphorically, generate, engender, produce, λέγω τὴν χώρην λιμὸν τέξεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; of impiety, τὸ γὰρ δυσσεβὲς ἔργον μετὰ μὲν πλείονα τίκτει NT+4th c.BC+; of Night as the mother of Day, τῆς.. τεκούσης φῶς τόδ᾽ εὐφρόνης Refs 5th c.BC+; also in Prose, νουσήματα Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, τῷδε κέρδει (sic codices) κέρδος ἄλλο τίκτεται Refs 4th c.BC+

† יִלּוֹד adj. born (irreg. punctuation for יָלוּד, Dr 2 S 5:14),—יִלּוֹד Ex 1:22; 2 S 12:14; יִלֹּדִים Jos 5:5; 2 S 5:14; יִלּוֹדִים Je 16:3; הַבֵּן הַיִּלּ׳ Ex 1:22 (E) 2 S 12:14 (+ לְךָ); הָעָם הַיִּלּ׳ בַּמִּדְבָּר Jos 5:5 (D); עַל־הַבָּנִים וְעַל־הַבָּנוֹת הַיִּלּוֹדִים בַּמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה Je 16:3; הַיִּלּוֹדִים לוֹ 2 S 5:14.

γενν-ητός, ή, όν, begotten, υἱὸς γ., opposed to ποιητός, Refs 5th c.BC+; mortal, Refs 2nd c.AD+; γεννητοὶ γυναικῶν born of women, NT __II generable, opposed to φθαρτός, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὑλὴ γ. matter for generation, Refs adverb -τῶς by means of generation, Refs 4th c.AD+

πᾰλιγ-γενεσία, ἡ, rebirth, regeneration, of the world, παλιγγενεσίας ἡγεμόνες, of Noah and his sons, Refs 1st c.AD+; renewal of a race, Refs; of persons, beginning of a new life, εἰς π. ὁρμᾶν Refs 1st c.AD+: hence of restoration after exile, Refs 1st c.BC+; transmigration, reincarnation of souls, Refs 1st c.AD+; compare μετεμψύχωσις near the end __2 in Stoic Philos., rebirth of the κόσμος, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 in Medicine texts, relapse, Refs 2nd c.AD+; regrowth of a tumour, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II in Roman Law, = restitutio natalium, Refs 6th c.AD+ __III in “NT.”, __III.1 resurrection, NT __III.2 regeneration by baptism, διὰ λουτροῦ παλιγγενεσίας NT