Around and Surrounding

סָבִיב336 subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about:—cstr. סְבִיב †Am 3:11; pl. cstr. סְבִיבֵי †Je 32:44; 33:13, sf. סְבִיבֶיךָ etc. (10 times), much oftener סְבִיבוֹת Ex 7:24 + 22 times, סְבִיבוֹתַי, תֶיךָ-, etc., Dt 17:14, etc. (48 times):— 1. in sg.:— a. as subst. 1 Ch 11:8 מן־המלוא וְעַד־הַסָּבִיב and to the parts round about. b. as adv.acc. סָבִיב (in) a circuit, i.e. round about, Gn 23:17 בְּכָל־גְּבֻלוֹ סָבִיב Ex 19:12; 25:11, 24, 25, Lv 1:5, 11 עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִיב, Ju 20:29 1 K 3:1; 5:11 ψ 3:7 אֲשֶׁר ס׳ שָׁתוּ עָלָ֑י, 12:9 34:8 + often; sometimes doubled, for the sake of emphasis, 2 Ch 4:3, Ez 8:10 עַל הַקִּיר ס׳ ס׳, 37:2; 40:5 and often in Ez 40–43. c. as prep.: (a) †Am 3:11 צַר וּסְבִיב הָאָרֶץ distress, and that in the circuit of (= round about) the land (but read prob. with 𝔖 יְסֹבֵב will encircle). (b) סָבִיב לְ׳ Ex 16:13; 40:33 Nu 1:50, 53; 2:2 Ju 7:21 1 K 6:5; 18:32, 35 Ez 41:10, 16 Jb 19:12 ψ 34:8; 78:28; 125:2(×2) י׳ סָבִיב לְעַמּוֹ, 128:3 Ct 3:7 Na 3:8. (c) strangely, סָבִיב אֵת †1 K 6:5 (om.𝔊), Ez 43:17. d. מִסָּבִיב42, from round about, from every side, Ez 16:33, 37; 23:22; 37:21, but usually (מִן 1 c) = on every side, Je 4:17 הָיוּ עָלֶיהָ מִסָּבִיב, Is 42:25 וַתְּלַהֲטֵהוּ מ׳, Jo 4:11, 12; †מָגוֹר מִסָּבִיב terror on every side! Je 6:25; 20:3, 10; 46:5; 49:29 ψ 31:14, cf. La 2:22; especially in the Deut. phrases אוֹיְבִים מ׳, or הֵנִיחַ מ׳ (sometimes in combin.), as Dt 12:10 והניח לכם מכל־אויביכם מ׳, 25:19 Jos 21:42 וַיָּנַח י׳ לָהֶם מ׳, 23:1 Ju 2:14; 8:34 1 S 12:11 +; מִסָּבִיב לְ from round about, †Nu 16:24, 27.—On 1 S 14:21 2 S 24:6 Jb 10:8 v. סָבַב" dir="rtl" >סָבַב. 2. In plur.:— a. †סְבִיבִים: (a) in masc. sense, those round about, ψ 76:12 כָּל־סְבִיבָיו יֹבִילוּשַׁי, 89:8 Je 48:17, 39. (b) in neuter sense, the parts round about, Je 49:5 מִכָּל־סְבִיבָ֑יִךְ, בִּסְבִיבֵי ירושׁלם 32:44; 33:13; 21:14 וְאָֽכְלָה כָּל־סְבִיבֶיהָ, 46:14; with the force of a prep., ψ 50:3 וסביביו נשׂערה מאד, 97:2 La 1:17. b. סְבִיבוֹת: (a) as subst. (α) circuits, Ec 1:6 ועל סביבותיו שָׁב הָרוּחַ; (β) the parts round about, Nu 22:4 ילחכו הקהל את־כל־סְבִיבֹתֵינוּ, Je 17:26; 50:32 (cf. 21:14 supr.); with ref. to their inhabitants, ψ 44:19 = 79:4 לעג וקלם לסב׳, Ez 16:57; 28:24 Dn 9:16. (b) with the force of a prep. Ex 7:24 סְבִיבֹת הַיְאֹר lit. (in) the circuits of the Nile = round about the Nile, Nu 11:24, 31, 32; 35:2 סְבִיבֹתֵיהֶם, Ju 7:18 1 S 26:5, 7 2 K 6:17 סביבֹת אלישׁע, ψ 18:12; 27:6 על אֹיְבַי סביבותי, etc.; often idiom. preceded by אשׁר, as Gn 35:5 הערים אשׁר סביבותיהם 41:48 Lv 25:44 Nu 16:34 Dt 6:14; 13:8; 17:14; 21:2 +. In the same sense מִסְּבִיבוֹתָם + Ez 28:26.

II. [נָקַף] vb. go around (intrans.), (Ecclus 45:9 Hiph. ויקיפהו surround something with (2 acc.); Pf. 3 fs. הקיפה 43:12 (acc. + ב instr.); NH Hiph. הִקִּיף = BH; also = cling to, be attached, joined to, and so Aramaic אַקֵּיף (Aph.), ܢܩܶܦ );— Qal Impf. חַגִּים יִנְקֹ֑פוּ Is 29:1 (fig.) let feasts go around, i.e. run the round (of the year). Hiph. Pf. הִקִּיף Jb 19:6; 3 fs. הִקִּ֫יפָה Is 15:8; 3 pl. הִקִּ֫יפוּ Jb 1:5 ψ 88:18, וְהִקִּיפוּ consec. 2 Ch 23:7, sf. הִקִּיפוּנִי ψ 22:17; 2 mpl. וְהִקַּפְתֶּם consec. 2 K 11:8; Impf. וַיַּקַּף La 3:5; 3 mpl. יַקִּ֫יפוּ ψ 17:9, וַיַּקִּ֫פוּ 2 K 6:14; 2 mpl. תַּקִּ֫פוּ Lv 19:27; Imv. mpl. sf. הָקִּיפ֫וּהָ ψ 48:13; Inf. abs. הַקֵּיף Jos 6:3, הַקֵּף v 11; Pt. pl. מַקִּ(י)פִים 1 K 7:24 2 Ch 4:3;— 1. go around, surround, encompass: a. go around, c. acc. of city, Jos 6:3 cf. v 11 (acc. om.), ψ 48:13 (all ‖ סָבָב); also (fig.) הִקִּ֫יפָה הַזְּעָקָה אֶת־ Is 15:8 the cry hath gone about the border of Moab. b. surround, encompass, enclose, usually c. עַל־: וַיַּקִּ֫פוּ עַל־הָעִיר 2 K 6:14 and they closed in upon the city (beleaguered it); c. עַל pers. 2 K 11:8 (+ סָבִיב), ψ 17:9; 88:18 (‖ סָבַב), + acc. rei Jb 19:6 he hath closed his net in upon me, cf. La 3:5; less often c. acc. pers. ψ 22:17 (‖ סָבַב), 2 Ch 23:7 (‖ 2 K 11:8; + סָבִיב), also of inanim. things 1 K 7:24 = 2 Ch 4:3 (both + סָבִיב, ‖ סָבַב). 2. make the round, i.e. complete the circuit הִקּ׳ יְמֵי הַמִּשְׁתֶּה Jb 1:5 when the days of feasting had completed their circuit. 3. make round, round off (lit.): לֹא תַקּ׳ פְּאַת רֹאשְׁכֶם Lv 19:27 (‖ לֹא תַשְׁחִית אֵת פְּאַת זְקָנֶ֑ךָ), of heathen rite.

περίχωρ-ος, ον, round about a place: οἱ π. the people about, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ π. (i.e. γῆ) the country round about, LXX+NT; τὰ π. Refs 4th c.AD+

Related to: κυκλ-έω, wheel along, in Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 move round or in a circle, ὁδοῖς κυκλῶν ἐμαυτὸν εἰς ἀναστροφήν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπ᾽ ἀνδρὶ δυσμενεῖ βάσιν κυκλοῦντα, metaphorically, from dogs questing about for the scent, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. πρόσωπον, ὄμμα, look round, look about, Refs 5th c.BC+; ={κυκλεύω}Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 bring round, repeat, τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον Refs 4th c.BC+ __II middle and passive, form a circle round, encompass, encircle, μηνοειδὲς ποιήσαντες τῶν νεῶν ἐκυκλεῦντο ὡς περιλάβοιεν αὐτούς Refs 5th c.BC+; ἴδεσθέ μ᾽ οἷον ἄρτι κῦμα.. κυκλεῖται encompasses me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 go round and round, revolve, τὴν αὐτὴν φορὰν κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; δι᾽ ἀλλήλων αὐτοῖς -εῖται τὸ κακόν, of the vicious circle in disease, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 assemble in knots, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 metaphorically, of sayings, etc., to be current, pass from mouth to mouth, τὸ κυκλούμενον παρὰ πᾶσιν ἔπος Refs 1st c.AD+ __III intransitive in active, revolve, come round and round, πολλαὶ κυκλοῦσι νύκτες ἡμέραι τ᾽ ἴσαι (but read κυκλοῦνται as L had originally) Refs 5th c.BC+

περιτίθημι, place or put round, put on, περὶ δὲ ξύλα θῆκαν Refs 8th c.BC+; δέραισι περθέτω (Aeolic dialect).. ὐποθύμιδας Refs 7th c.BC+; φωνήεσί τε καὶ ἀφώνοις π. γράμματα attach letters to.., LXX+4th c.BC+:—middle, put round oneself, put on, περὶ δὲ τρυφάλειαν.. κρατὶ θέτο Refs 8th c.BC+; περθέμενον χλάμυν (Aeolic dialect for περι-) probably in Refs 7th c.BC+; διάδημα αὐτὸς περιεθήκατο Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II metaphorically, bestow, confer upon, π. τινὶ βασιληΐην, κράτος, ἐλευθερίην, Refs 5th c.BC+; πόλει τὸ κάλλιστον ὄνομα, τινὶ δόξαν, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινὶ ὄνειδος, ἀτιμίαν, put reproach, dishonour upon him, Refs 5th c.BC+; Μηδικὴν ἀχὴν τοῖς Ἕλλησι put the Median yoke round their necks, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ πυκτικὸς.. οὐ πᾶσι τὴν αὐτὴν μάχην π. does not prescribe.., Refs 4th c.BC+; τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ τὴν τέχνην ascribe, Refs:— middle, assume, ἰσχὺν ἑαυτῷ Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 reversely, π. τινὰ ὕβρει envelop him with.., Refs 3rd c.AD+

περι-βλέπω, look round about, gaze around, περιβλέψας ἔφη Refs 5th c.BC+:— middle, look about one, Refs 1st c.AD+; περιεβλέποντο ζητοῦντες.. Refs 1st c.BC+ __II transitive, look round at, πάσας Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, ἀλλότρια ἡγεμονικὰ π. NT+2nd c.AD+ __II.2 seek after, covet for oneself, ἀρχήν Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 look about for, τινα Refs 2nd c.BC+:—middle, LXX __II.4 admire, respect, τοὔνδικον π. Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, περιβλέπεσθαι τίμιον Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 middle, look up, consult, βίβλους Refs 5th c.BC+

† מֵסַב n.[m.] that which surrounds, or is round;— 1. a. pl. surrounding places, מְסִבֵּי יְרוּשׁ׳ 2 K 23:5 places round about Jerus. b. as adv. מֵסַב round about 1 K 6:29; fpl. מְסִבּוֹת on all sides, in all directions, Jb 37:12 (of cloud Di 2. sf. מְסִבּוֹ Ct 1:12 dub.: round table Ew De; cushion, divan BaeKau; cf. on all these Bu.—מְסִבָּ֑י ψ 140:10 v. סָבַב" dir="rtl" >סבב Hiph.

κυκλόθεν, adverb from all around, κ. ὁδὸς περίχει NT+5th c.BC+, and sometimes in codices, but this spelling is condemned by Refs 9th c.AD+

πέριξ, strengthened for περί, mostly Ionic dialect Prose and Trag. (in latter usually adverb): __I preposition, round about, all round, with genitive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 rarely with dative, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.3 commonly with accusative, Refs 5th c.BC+: mostly before its case, but also after,Refs 5th c.BC+ __II adverb round about, π. ὑπορύσσοντες τὸ τεῖχος Refs 5th c.BC+; κύκλῳ π. Refs 5th c.BC+ circuitously, Refs 5th c.BC+: rare in Attic dialect Prose, π. πολιορκεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ π. τόπος, οἱ π., Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ π. χρόνος, i.e. all times save the present, NT+4th c.BC+

† [מוּסָב] n.m. encompassing, surrounding(?);—only cstr. מוּסַב הַבַּיִת Ez 41:7 the encompassing of the house, but meaning wholly obscure; מוּסַף enlargement Ew Berthol ToyHpt after 𝔊; Co del. clause as dittogr.