Abounding and Surplus

[יָתַר107] vb. remain over (NH id.; Aramaic יְתַר, ܝܺܬܰܪ id.; Zinj. יתר n. rest, remainder; Ethiopic ወተረ Assyrian [atâru], remain over, in der. conj., DlHWB; in Sab. ותר CIS iv, 15, 46, p. 77; especially n. ותר as epithet of king = noble one, and as n.pr. ותרם MordtZMG, 1876, 37, 292 DHMZMG, 1883, 15 CISiv, 10; Arabic وَتَرَ is make single, make to be one, or an odd number)— †Qal Pt. הַיּוֹתֵר 1 S 15:15 the remainder†. Niph. be left over, remain over; Pf. נוֹתַר Ex 10:15 + 8 times, etc.; Impf. יִוָּתֵר 2 K 20:17 + 2 times; יִוָּתֶ֥ר בָּ֑הּ Zc 13:8; וַיִּוָּתֵר Gn 32:25 + 2 times; וָאִוָּתֵר 1 K 19:10, 14, etc.; Pt. נוֹתָר 1 S 2:26 + 17 times, נֹתָר Ex 12:10; fs. נוֹתֶ֫רֶת Lv 2:3 + 3 times; mpl. נוֹתָרִים Ju 8:10 + 24 times, etc.;—be left over, remain (over), abs. Ex 10:15 (J), Jos 11:11, 22 (D), Ju 9:5 Is 1:8; 30:17 1 K 18:22 2 K 20:17 = Is 39:6; sq. לְבַדּוֹ be left alone Gn 32:25 (J), so 1 K 19:10, 14; sq. מִן be left from (= of) 2 S 13:30 Ex 29:34 Nu 26:65 (both P), ψ 106:11; pt. sq. מִן Ju 8:10 + 10 times P, 1 K 9:20 = 2 Ch 8:7, Zc 14:16 1 Ch 6:46; sq. לְ, be left (surviving) to, 1 S 25:34 2 S 9:1, of those belonging to Gn 44:20 (J; לְבַדּוֹ לְאִמּוֹ); sq. בְּ be left in (= of) 2 S 17:12 Jos 18:2 (JE), also pt. Lv 8:32; 14:18 (P), Ez 48:15, 18; often sq. בְּ loc. &Am 6:9 + 11 times; sq. בֵּית in the house of Je 27:21; sq. על־פני הארץ Ez 39:14 (pt.); sq. אַחֲרֵי = be left behind (of sons) 1 K 9:21 = 2 Ch 8:8; sq. שָׁם + אֵצֶל Dn 10:13 I was left over there beside the kings (i.e. I had nothing more to do; cf. VB); elsewhere pt. abs., as adj. Gn 30:36 (J), Jos 17:2, 6 (JE), Lv 10:12, 16; 27:18 Jos 21:5, 26, 34 (all P), Je 34:7 1 Ch 6:55, 62; 24:20; as subst. Ju 21:7, 16 1 S 30:9 Ex 28:10; 29:34 Lv 19:6 (all P), 1 K 20:30(×2) 2 K 4:7 Ez 34:18; 48:21 2 Ch 31:10. †Hiph. Pf. הוֹתִיר Ex 10:15 Is 1:9, etc.; Impf. יוֹתִיר Dt 28:54; juss. יוֹתֵר Ex 16:19; וַי��וֹתֵר 2 S 8:4 2 Ch 18:4; 3 fs. וַתֹּתַ֑ר Ru 2:14; 2 ms. juss. תּוֹתַר Gn 49:4; 1 s. אוֹתִיר Ez 39:28; 3 mpl. וַיּוֹתִרוּ Ex 16:20 2 K 4:44; 2 mpl. תּוֹתִירוּ Ex 12:10 + 2 times; Imv. הוֹתֵר ψ 79:11; Inf. abs. הוֹתֵר 2 K 4:43 + 2 times; cstr. הוֹתִיר Je 44:7;— 1. a. leave over, leave Ex 10:15 (J), Ru 2:14 (obj.om.), v 18 2 K 4:43 (אָכוֹל וְהוֹתֵר, v. infr.), v 44 (obj.om. in both), 2 Ch 31:10; יֶתֶר בָּנָיו אֲשֶׁר יוֹתִיר Dt 28:54; sq. obj. שָׂרִיד + ל pers. Is 1:9; obj. שְׁאֵרִית + ל pers. Je 44:7; sq. מִן from (= of), 2 S 8:4 = 1 Ch 18:4, Nu 33:55 (P), Ez 12:16; + עַד temp. Ex 12:10; 16:19, 20 (all P), Lv 22:30 (H); + שָׁם loc. Ez 39:28. b. abs. leave a remnant Ez 6:8 (denom. from יֶתֶר? c. save over ψ 79:11 הַתֵּר release (We 𝔙 𝔗). 2. excel, shew pre-eminence Gn 49:4 (Poem in J). 3. shew excess = have more than enough Ex 36:7 (P; vid. also 2 K 4:43 2 Ch 31:10 supr.); make abundant Dt 28:11; 30:9 (sq. sf. pers. + ב rei.).

περισσ-εύω, Attic dialect περιττεύω, imperfect ἐπερίσσευον (περιέσσευον is condemned by Refs 2nd c.AD+, (περισσός) to be over and above the number, μύριοί εἰσιν ἀριθμόν.., εἷς δὲ π. Refs 8th c.BC+; περιττεύσουσιν ἡμῶν οἱ πολέμιοι the enemy will go beyond us, outflank us, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II to be more than enough, remain over, τἀρκοῦντα καὶ περιττεύοντα Refs; τὸ π. [ἀργύριον] Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ περιττεύουσα τροφή NT+4th c.BC+; τοσοῦτον τῷ Περικλεῖ ἐπερίσσευσε, κτλ. such abundance of reason had Pericles for his belief, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 in bad sense, to be superfluous, τὰ περισσεύοντα τῶν λόγων Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵν᾽ ἐμοὶ περιττεύῃ, i. e. that I may be over-rich, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III of persons, abound in, χορηγίᾳ, opposed to ἐλλείπω, NT+2nd c.BC+:—middle, with genitive, περισσεύονται ἄρτων have more than enough of.., NT __III.2 to be superior, π. παρά τινα to be better than.., LXX; ὑπέρ τιναLXX; be better, have the advantage, NT; π. μᾶλλον abound more and more, i.e. in Christian graces, NTmiddle, περισσευόμεθα, opposed to ὑστερούμεθα, NT __IV causal, make to abound, πᾶσαν χάριν π. NT:—passive, to be made to abound, NT __IV.2 of Time, π. τὰς ὥρας make them longer, Refs 2nd c.AD+

πλεον-άζω (rarely πλειονάζω, which see), future -άσω: perfect πεπλεόνακα Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, perfect -ασμαιRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist -άσθηνRefs: (πλέον):—to be more, especially to be more than enough, superfluous, opposed to ἐλλείπειν, ὑπολείπειν, Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ πλεονάζον the excess, LXX+3rd c.BC+; π. παρά with accusative, to be in excess of..,LXX+NT; of animals, have more than the due number of limbs, opposed to κολοβὰ γίνεσθαι, Refs 4th c.BC+; of visits, to be frequent, Refs 2nd c.BC+; of the sea, encroach, Refs 4th c.BC+; πάθος defined as ὁρμὴ πλεονάζουσα, Refs 4th c.BC+; εἰκασία ἐστὶ μεταφορὰ πλεονάζουσα simile is expanded metaphor, Refs 4th c.BC+used to excess, Refs 1st c.BC+: Grammars, to be redundant, Refs 2nd c.BC+; also of letters, τὸ ε ¯ πλεονάζει (in ἑ-ώρων) Refs; but π. τῷ ῑ to have an added ῑ (as in ἐμεῖο), Refs __2 with genitive, exceed, opposed to λείπω, Refs 2nd c.AD+ the extra work, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τοὺς -άζοντας τῶν ρκέ (i.e. ἐρίφους) the odd Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II of persons, go beyond bounds, take or claim too much, Refs 5th c.BC+: with dative, presume upon.., εὐτυχίᾳ Refs 5th c.BC+go beyond bounds in.., Refs 1st c.BC+; of a writer, τοῖς ὀνόμασι π. Refs: absolutely, to be lengthy, tedious, LXX+1st c.BC+; περί τινος Parmenisc. cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 π. τινός have an excess of, abound in a thing, opposed to ἐνδεὴς εἶναι, Refs 4th c.BC+; but π. τοῦ καιροῦ exceed all bounds.., of a writer, Refs 1st c.BC+ __III with accusative, state at a higher figure, Refs 1st c.BC+:—passive, to be magnified, exaggerated, [νομίσειεν ἂν] ἔστιν ἃ πλεονάζεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; πεπλεόνασται has been overdone, opposed to ἐνδεὲς πεποίηται, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 make to increase, τινὰς τῇ ἀγάπῃ NT __III.3 eat in too great quantity, τι Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III.4 raise the price of, τι Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.5 passive, to be deceived, probably falsa lectio for{πλεονεκτεῖσθαι}, Refs 5th c.AD+ __III.6 Grammars, use in addition or redundantly, εἰώθασιν οἱ Ἀττικοὶ τὰ ἄρθρα πλεονάζειν Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, τὸ ῡ πλεοναζόμενον ψιλοῦταιRefs __III.7 to be in excess of unity, partake of plurality, Refs 5th c.AD+

† [עָדַף] vb. remain over, be in excess, syn. of סרח q.v., only PH (NH id., Aramaic עָדִיף superior (to); Arabic غَدَفَ be profuse, iv. let down veil, or curtain, etc.; غَدَفٌ plentifulness);— Qal Pt. סֶרַח הָעֹדֵף Ex 26:12 the surplus (of curtains) that remains over, so f. הָעֹדֶפֶת v 12, and הָעֹדֵף as subst. v 13 the excess in (ב) length; הָעֹדֵף = the surplus of food Ex 16:23, of price of field Lv 25:27 (P); הָעֹדְפִים עַל־ those over and above, Nu 3:46, 49, cf. v 48 (no עַל־). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶעְדִּיף Ex 16:18 have a surplus (of manna; opp. הֶחְסִיר).

† II. [שׁוּק] vb. prob. be abundant (Assyrian šûḳu, abundance);—Pōʿl. Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַתְּשֹׁקְקֶהָ ψ 65:10 thou (י׳) hast visited the earth and given it abundance (Hup Che al.; > Vrss thought of הִשְׁקָה irrigate, so Bae EV). Hiph. Pf. consec. וְהֵשִׁיקוּ הַיְקָכִים תִּירוֹשׁ Jo 2:24 the vats overflow with must, so (acc. om.) 4:13.

ὑπερπερισσ-εύω, abound much more, be in great excess, χάρις NT:—middle, ὑ. τῇ χαρᾷ NT

† II. [עָתַר] vb. be abundant, si vera l. (as Aramaic loan-word; עֲתַר, ܥܬܰܪ, be rich = Heb. עָשַׁר);— Niph. Pt. fpl. נַעְתָּרוֹת Pr 27:6 (of enemy’s kisses; De excessive; opp. נֶאֱמָנִים); Toy proposes נֶעֱקָשׁוֹת, or נַעֲוֹת, crooked, hypocritical. Hiph. Pf. 2 mpl. הַעְתַּרְתֶּם עָלַי דִּבְרֵיכֶם Ez 35:13 ye have multiplied against me your words (‖ וַתַּגְדִּילוּ עָלַי בְּפִיכֶם), del. as gloss Co after 𝔊, Toy reads sg., and thinks verb due to Aramaizing scribe.

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πολλαπλᾰσί-ων, ον, genitive ονος, ={πολλαπλάσιος}, Refs 2nd c.BC+. adverb -όνωςRefs 2nd c.AD+

ὑπερπλεονάζω, abound exceedingly, NT+2nd c.BC+

† I. [בָּקַק] vb. be luxuriant (Arabic بَقَّ be profuse, abundant (v. especially Conjj. i. iv, Lane)— Qal Pt. בֹּקֵק luxuriant Ho 10:1 (fig. of Isr. as vine).

† I. [כָּבַר] vb. be much, many (Assyrian Kabâru, be great, mighty; kabru, great huge; Arabic كَبُرَ be great, in body, rank, or age, كَبِيرٌ great, noble, aged; Ethiopic ከብረ be honoured, magnified; ክብር honoured, glorious; Sab. epith. כבר HalEt.Sab.JAs. Dec. 1874, No. 90; Syriac ܟܒܰܪ, ܐܰܟܒܰܪ for Heb. רָבָה, הִרְבָּה, ܟܰܒܺܝܪ (rare) much; Zinj. be abundant, numerous)— Hiph. (only Elihu) make many, Jb 35:16 בִּבְלִי דַעַת מִלִּין יַכְבִּר (cf. וְיֶרֶב אֲמָרָיו 34:37) >make great, BuBeitr. 138, comparing 8:2; מַכְבִּיר with the force of a subst. (Ew§ 160 c) 36:31 לְמַכְבִּיר יתן אכל giveth food in abundance (= prose לָרֹב, e.g. 2 Ch 11:23).

† סֶ֫רַח n.m. excess;—ס׳ הָעֹדֵף Ex 26:12 (P) the excess (sc. of tent-covering), which remains over.