1. Susa (the Persian capital city) — The proper noun Susa (Hebrew שׁוּשַׁן), referring to the ancient capital of Elam and winter residence of the Persian kings. All 21 occurrences denote the same geographical location, whether preceded by the preposition בְּ ('in Susa') or standing alone as a subject or object. The split into two clusters is purely syntactic (prepositional vs. bare form), not semantic. Multilingual evidence is unanimous: eng 'in Susa / Shushan / Susa,' spa 'en Susa / Susa,' hin शूशन में / शूशन, arb في شوشن / شوشن, kor 수산에 / 수산은, swa katika Shushani / Shushani. 21×
AR["شُوشَنَ","شُوشَنُ","فِي-شُوشَانَ","فِي-شُوشَنَ","فِي‒شُوشَنَ"]·ben["-শূশনে","শূশন","শূশনে"]·DE["Susa","[בשושן]","in-Susa"]·EN["Shushan","Susa","in-Shushan","in-Susa"]·FR["Susan","Suse","à-Suse"]·heb["ב-שושן","שושן"]·HI["में-शूशन","शूशन","शूशन में","शूशन में थे","शूशन-का","शूशन-में","शूशन-में-थी","शूशन-में-हैं"]·ID["Shusyan","di-Shusyan","di-Susan"]·IT["Susa","[בשושן]","a-Susa"]·jav["Susa","ing-Susa","ing-Susan"]·KO["수산","수산-에","수산에","수산은","에-수산","에-수산에"]·PT["Shushan","Susa","em-Shushan","em-Susa"]·RU["В-Шушане","Шушан","в-Шушане"]·ES["En-Susa","Susa","en-Susa"]·SW["Shushani","katika-Shushani","kuwaangamiza","pia","wa-Shushani","walikusanyika","watu"]·TR["Sus","Sus'ta","Sus'ta-","Susa'da"]·urd["سوسن","شوشن-میں","میں-سوسن"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. שׁוּשַׁן n.pr.loc. Susa, winter residence of Persian kings; Σουσαν, ἐν Σουσοις (cuneif. Šûšan DlPa 326 COT Ne 1:1 Billerbeck Susa Say Hast. DB Shushan);—שׁ׳ הַבִּירָה Ne 1:1 (9th month, כִּסְלֵו), Dn 8:2 (in Elam), Est 1:2, 5; 2:3, 5, 8; 3:15a; 8:14; 9:6, 11, 12 (12th month, אֲדָר, v 1); הַבּ׳ om., שׁוּשָׁ֑ן Est 4:8, 16 and (month אֲדָר) 9:13, 14, 15(×2), 18; הָעִיר שׁ׳ 3:15b; 8:15.