1. cake, bread-cake (flat baked item) — Feminine noun עֻגָה denoting a round, flat cake or bread-cake baked on coals or hot stones, used in narratives of miraculous provision (1 Kgs 17:13, 19:6) and ritual contexts (Gen 18:6; Exod 12:39; Num 11:8; Ezek 4:12). All three clusters represent the same baked-food concept across number and syntactic variation: plural 'cakes' (S122350), singular/construct 'cake / cake of' (S122352), and conjunction-prefixed 'and cake of' (S122351). Multilingual evidence confirms a unified sense: Spanish 'torta(s),' Hindi 'रोटी / रोटियां,' Arabic 'أَقْرَاص / كَعْكَة,' Korean '떡 / 빵 / 과자,' Swahili 'mkate / mikate.' The singular-plural distinction is grammatical, not semantic. 7×
AR["أَقْرَاصًا","أَقْرَاصَ","رَغيفًا","كَعْكَةً","كَعْكَةُ","وَ-كَعْكَةَ"]·ben["আর-পিঠা","কেক","পিঠা","রুটি","রুটি-"]·DE["Kuchen","[ועגת]","[עגה]","cake","cake-von","cakes","cakes-von"]·EN["and-cake-of","cake","cake-of","cakes","cakes-of"]·FR["cake","cake-de","cakes","cakes-de","et-gâteau","gâteau","gâteaux"]·heb["ו-עוגת","עגות","עוגה","עוגות","עוגת"]·HI["और-रोटी","रोटियाँ","रोटियां","रोटी","रोतियो"]·ID["Dan-roti-jelai","roti","roti-bundar","roti-roti-bundar"]·IT["[ועגת]","[עגה]","cakes","cakes-di","focaccia","focaccia-di"]·jav["Lan-roti-bundar","jejamur","roti","roti-bundar","roti-bunder"]·KO["그리고-과자를","떡","떡-의","떡들을","떡이","빵들을"]·PT["E-bolo-de","bolo","bolo-de","bolos","bolos-de"]·RU["и-лепёшку","лепёшка","лепёшками","лепёшки","лепёшку"]·ES["Y-torta-de","torta","torta-de","tortas","tortas-de-","una-torta"]·SW["mikate","mkate","mkate-mdogo","mkate-wa","na-mkate"]·TR["pide","pideler","pişiler","ve-çöreği","çörek"]·urd["روٹی","روٹیاں","و-روٹی"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† עֻגָה n.f. disc or cake of bread;—abs. ע׳ Ho 7:8; 1 K 17:13, cstr. עֻגַת 19:6; Ez 4:12; pl. עֻגוֹת Gn 18:6; Nu 11:8; cstr. עֻגֹת Ex 12:39;—bread-cake, made of קֶמַח סֹלֶת Gn 18:6 (J), of קֶמַח 1 K 17:13, of manna Nu 11:8 (JE; vb. בִּשֵּׁל), of barley Ez 4:12 (sim.); unleavened, עֻגֹת מַצּוֹת Ex 12:39 (E; vb. אָפָה); ע׳ רְצָפִים 1 K 19:6 cake of hot-stones, i.e. baked on them; metaph. ע׳ בְּלִי…