יָשַׁב1090 H3427
To sit, dwell, inhabit, remain; (Hifil) settle, cause to dwell; (Nifal) be inhabited; (Hofal) be settled.
Yashav is the Hebrew Bible's primary word for being in a place — whether sitting on a throne, dwelling in a city, or simply remaining somewhere. Its semantic range runs from the momentary act of sitting down (Gen 27:19) to permanent habitation of an entire land, and the participle yoshev ('inhabitant of') appears hundreds of times as a near-technical term. The Hifil adds causative force — God seats the solitary in families (Ps 113:8) — while the Nifal and Hofal express the passive: a land that is or will be inhabited. Cognate Arabic wathaba shifted to 'leap,' but South Arabian preserved the sitting sense, and Ethiopic awsaba developed the marital connotation 'to cause to cohabit.'
3. Qal: to remain, stay — To remain, stay, or wait — a temporary sense lacking the permanence of dwelling. Abraham tells his servants 'stay here with the donkey' (Gen 22:5). French demeurer, German bleiben, and Spanish permanecer capture this interim quality, distinguishing it from both settled habitation and mere sitting. 27×
AR["أَقِيمُوا","اجْلِسُوا","اجْلِسْ-","اقعُد","اقيموا","اقْعُدُوا","اُمْكُثِي","تَجْلِسُ","تَجْلِسُونَ","جَالِسٌ","فَ-مَكَثَ","فَثَبَتَتْ","وَ-أقاموا","وَ-أَقَامَ","وَأَقامَ","وَمَكَثْتُ"]·ben["আর-স্থির-থাকল","এবং-আমি-বসেছিলাম","এবং-থাকল","এবং-থাকলেন","তোমরা-বসবে","থাক","থাকো","বসে-ছিল","সে-বসবে"]·DE["doch-es-blieb-fest","du-soll-bleiben","sie-soll-bleiben","stay","und-er-stayed","und-ich-stayed","und-sie-stayed","und-stayed","war-staying","wohnen"]·EN["and-I-stayed","and-he-stayed","and-remained","and-stayed","and-they-stayed","she-shall-remain","stay","was-staying","you-shall-remain"]·FR["demeure","elle-devra-remain","et-il-demeura","et-ils-stayed","et-je-stayed","et-resta","et-stayed","fut-demeurant","habiter","stay","tu-devra-remain"]·heb["ו-אשב","ו-ישב","ו-ישבו","יושב","ישב","שב","שבו","שבי","תשב","תשבו"]·HI["और-छह","और-ठहरा-मैं","और-रहा","और-रहे","और-रुके","और-वह-ठहरा","ठहर","ठहरा-था","ठहरो","तुम-बैठो","परंतु-रहा","बैठो","रहो","वह बैठेगी"]·ID["Tinggallah","dan-aku-tinggal","dan-ia-tinggal","dan-tetap","dan-tinggal","dan-tinggallah","dia-harus-tinggal","kamu-akan-tinggal","tinggal","tinggallah"]·IT["abitare","e-egli-restò","e-essi-stayed","e-io-stayed","e-rimase","e-stayed","ella-dovra-rimanere","era-restando","resta","restare","stay","tu-dovra-rimanere"]·jav["Kantuna","Lengaha","Lenggah","Lenggaha","Nanging-tetep","badhé-lenggah","lan-kawula-lenggah","lan-lenggah","lan-sami-manggen","lan-tiyang-punika-tetep","lenggah","lereb-panjenengan-sadaya","mangga-lenggah","masanga","sami-manggen"]·KO["그러나-머물렀다","그리고-머물렀다","그리고-머물렀도다-내가","머물-것이다","머물라","머물러라","앉아-있었다"]·PT["E-permaneceu","Fica","Ficai","e-ficaram","e-ficou","e-fiquei","e-permaneceram","fica","ficai","ficará","habitando","permanecei","permanecereis"]·RU["Но-остался","Сидите","и-оставались","и-оставался","и-оставался-я","и-остались","и-остался","оставайся","оставайтесь","останьтесь","пусть-сидит","сиди-","сидит","сидите"]·ES["Siéntate","Y-permaneció","habitaba","moraréis","permanecerá","queda","quedaos","quédate","y-estuve","y-quedó","y-se-quedaron","y-se-quedó"]·SW["akakaa","akikaa","atakaa","kaa","kaa-","kaeni","mtakaa","na-akakaa","na-nilikaa","na-wakakaa"]·TR["Ve-kaldı","kal","kalacak","kalın","otur","otur-","oturacaksınız","oturuyor","ve-kaldı","ve-kaldılar","ve-kaldım","ve-oturdu"]·urd["اور-بیٹھا-رہا","اور-رہا","اور-رہا-میں","اور-رہی","اور-رہے","بیٹھ-رہ","بیٹھے-رہو","تو-رہے","رہ","رہ-رہا-تھا","رہو","رہےگی"]
Gen 22:5, Gen 49:24, Exod 16:29, Exod 24:14, Lev 8:35, Lev 12:4, Lev 12:5, Num 22:8, Num 22:19, Deut 3:29, Deut 9:9, Josh 2:22 (+15 more)
▼ 5 more senses below
Senses
1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit — The dominant Qal sense: to dwell, reside, inhabit. Covers permanent settlement and the substantival participle yoshev, 'inhabitant(s) of.' German Bewohner, Spanish habitantes, French habitants, Swahili wakaaji all cluster around residential language. Foundational in covenant contexts — 'you shall dwell in the land' (Lev 25:18). 937×
AR["(ساكِني)","ساكِنو","ساكِني","سَاكِنِي","سُكَّانَ","سُكَّانِ","سُكّانَ","سُكّانِ"]·ben["(বাসকারীদের)","বাসকারী","বাসকারীদের","বাসকারীরা","বাসিন্দাদের","বাসিন্দারা","যাবেশ"]·DE["-der-Bewohner-von","Bewohner-von","der-Bewohner-von"]·EN["-the-inhabitants-of","inhabitants-of","the-inhabitants-of"]·FR["-le-habitants-de","habitants-de","inhabitants-de","le-habitants-de"]·heb["יושבי","ישבי"]·HI["निवासियों","निवासियों-के","निवासी","बसने-वाले","बसने-वालों","बसनेवालों","बसे-हुओं-के","बसे-हुओं-को"]·ID["penduduk"]·IT["-il-abitanti-di","abitanti-di","il-abitanti-di"]·jav["ingkang-dedunung-wonten-ing","ingkang-manggen","ingkang-manggen-","para-ingkang-manggon","para-tiyang-ingkang-manggèn","para-warga","tiyang-ingkang-lenggah","tiyang-ingkang-manggen"]·KO["거주민들","거주민들을","거주민들이","거주하는-자들","거하는-자들","거하는-자들을","거하는-자들이","사는-자들을"]·PT["(habitantes-de)","habitantes-de"]·RU["жителей","жители","жителям"]·ES["habitantes-de","los-habitantes-de"]·SW["(wakaaji-wa)","wakaaji","wakaaji-wa","wakaao","wakaao-wa","wakaazi","wakazi-wa"]·TR["(oturanlarını)","oturanları","oturanların","oturanlarına","oturanlarını","sakinleri","sakinlerini"]·urd["باشندوں","باشندے","رہنے-والوں","رہنے-والوں-کو","رہنے-والوں-کے","رہنے-والے"]
Gen 19:25, Exod 15:14, Exod 23:31, Num 32:17, Num 33:52, Num 33:55, Deut 13:13, Deut 13:15, Josh 2:9, Josh 2:24, Josh 7:9, Josh 8:24 (+38 more)
2. Qal: to sit, sit down — Physical sitting or being seated, distinct from dwelling. Includes sitting down to eat (Gen 27:19), sitting on a throne (1 Kgs 1:46), and sitting in judgment. Korean antta (sit), Spanish sentarse, and German sitzen differentiate this posture sense from residential dwelling in cross-linguistic evidence. 102×
AR["الجَالِسِينَ","الجَالِسِينَ-فِي-","الْجَالِسُونَ","الْجَالِسِينَ","جالِسو","جَالِسُونَ","جَلَسَ","جَلَسَا","في-السَّامِرَةِ","لِلسُّكْنَى","لِيَسْكُنَ"]·ben["-বাসের-জন্য","বসকারী","বসল","বসলেন","বসাকারীরা","বসেছেন","বাস-করতে","বাসকারীরা","যারা-বসে","যারা-বসে-আছে","যারা-বসে-ছিল","যারা-বসেন"]·DE["-der-die-sitzend","der-die-sitzend","er-sass","hat-sass","sass","wohnen","wohnte","zu-sitzen"]·EN["-the-ones-sitting","Who-sit","dwelt","has-sat","he-sat","sat","sitting","the-ones-dwelling","the-ones-sitting","the-sitting","those-dwelling-in","to-be-inhabited","to-dwell-in"]·FR["-le-les-assis","a-s'assit","habiter","il-s'assit","le-ceux-assis","s'assit","à-sabbat"]·heb["ה-יוֹשבים","ה-יושבים","יושבי","יושבים","ישב","ל-שבת"]·HI["बसने-के-लिए","बैठ-गए","बैठ-गया","बैठने-वाले","बैठने-वालों","बैठनेवालों","बैठा","रहने-के-लिए"]·ID["duduk","untuk-didiami","untuk-tinggal","yang-duduk"]·IT["-il-ones-sitting","abitanti-di","abitare","egli-sedette","ha-sedette","il-quelli-sedendo","sedette"]·jav["Ingkang-lenggah","ingkang-lenggah","kang-lenggah","kanggé-dipanggèni","kanggé-lenggah","lenggah","manggen"]·KO["거하기-위하여","거하기-위한","거하는","거하는-자들을","거하였다","그-앉아-있는","앉는-자들","앉는-자들아","앉아-있는","앉아있는","앉았다","앙아-있는-자들을","앙았다","앚아-있는"]·PT["Os-que-se-sentam","assentados","assentou","habitantes-de","os-que-estavam","os-que-estão-assentados","os-que-habitam","os-que-se-assentam","os-que-sentam","para-habitar","sentados","sentaram","sentou","sentou-se"]·RU["-сидящие","hа-сидящие","для-жилья","для-обитания","поселился","сел","сели","сидел","сидящие","сидящим","сидящих","чтобы-сидеть"]·ES["Los-que-habitan","habitó","los-que-están-sentados","los-que-habitaban","los-que-habitan","los-que-moran-en","los-que-se-sientan","para-habitar","para-morar","se-asentó","se-sentaron","se-sentó","sentados"]·SW["akaketi","alikaa","aliketi","ameketi","kukaa","kukaliwa","mkaao","wakaao","waliketi","waliokaa","wanaokaa","wanaoketi"]·TR["oturanlar","oturanlar-","oturanlara-","oturanların","oturdu","oturdular","oturmak-icin"]·urd["-بیٹھنے-والے","بسنے-کے-لیے","بیٹھا","بیٹھنے-والوں-کو","بیٹھنے-والے","بیٹھنے-کے-لیے","بیٹھو","بیٹھے","بیٹھے-ہوئے","رہنے-کو"]
4. Hifil: to cause to dwell, settle — Hifil (causative): to settle someone, cause to dwell, seat. God raises the poor and seats them with princes (1 Sam 2:8). Idiomatic for arranging a marriage (settling a woman in one's household). Arabic askana (Form IV, cause to dwell) and Korean salge hada show parallel causative derivation. 18×
AR["(وَأَجْلَسَنِي)","[وَأَجْلَسَنِي]","اتَّخَذُوا","الَّذِي-اتَّخَذَ","الَّذِينَ-أَسْكَنُوا","الَّذِينَ-اتَّخَذُوا","بِإِسْكَانِ","فَأَجْلَسُوا","لِـ-يُجْلِسَ","لِيُجلِسَهُ","وَ-أجْلَسوا","وَ-أجْلِسوا","وَ-يُجلِسُهُم","وَأَسْكَنَهُمْ","وَأَسْكَنْتَهُمْ","يُسْكِنُونَ"]·ben["(এবং-বসিয়েছেন-আমাকে)","-তারা-বাস-করবে","[এবং-বসিয়েছেন-আমাকে]","আর-তিনি-বসান","আর-বসালেন","এবং-বসাও","এবং-বসাল","এবং-বাস-করালেন","এবং-বাস-করিয়েছিলে","বসতি-স্থাপন-করতে","বসতি-স্থাপন-করেছিল","বসাতে","বসানোর-জন্য","বাস-করিয়েছিল","বাস-করিয়েছে","যারা-বাস-করিয়েছিল"]·DE["[and-wer-caused-mich-zu-sit]","sass","und-du-settled","und-er-settled","und-sass","und-seat","und-seated","und-wohnen","wohnen","zu-cause-zu-sitze","zu-wohnte"]·EN["[and-who-caused-me-to-sit]","and-he-seats-them","and-he-settled","and-seat","and-seated","and-who-caused-me-to-sit","and-you-settled","had-married","has-married","they-will-inhabit","to-cause-to-sit","to-marry","to-seat-them","who-had-married"]·FR["[and-qui-causa-moi-à-sit]","et-habiter","et-habiter-eux","et-il-settled","et-qui-causa-moi-à-m'assieds","et-seated","et-siège","et-tu-settled","habiter","à-cause-à-m'assieds","à-habiter"]·heb["ה-ישב","ו-הושבת","ו-הושיב","ו-הושיבו","ו-הושיבני","ו-יושיבם","ו-ישב","יושיבו","ישב","ל-הושיב","ל-הושיבי","ל-ישב"]·HI["उन्होंने-जिन्होंने-ली-हैं","और-बसाया","और-बसाया-तूने","और-बिठाता-है-उन्हें","और-बिठाया","और-बैठाओ","और-बैठाया","और-बैठाया-मुझे","जिन्होंने-ली-थीं","जो-ब्याह-कर-चुके-थे","बसाएंगे","बिठाने","बिठाने-के-लिए","ब्याह-करके"]·ID["[dan-mendudukkanku]","dan-Ia mendudukkan mereka","dan-dudukkanlah","dan-engkau-tempatkan","dan-ia-menempatkan","dan-mendudukkan","dan-mendudukkanku","dan-menempatkan","dan-mereka-mendudukkan","menikahi","mereka-akan-mendiami","untuk-mendudukkan","untuk-menikahi","yang-menikahi"]·IT["[and-chi-causò-me-a-sit]","a-causa-a-siedi","abitare","e-abitare","e-abitare-loro","e-chi-causò-me-a-siedi","e-egli-si-stabilì","e-seated","e-seggio","e-tu-si-stabilì","si-sedette"]·jav["Kanggé-mendhem-piyambakipun","[lan-nglungguhaken-kula]","badhé-dipunmanggoni","kang-sampun-mendhet-garwa","kangge-nglungguhaken","kanggé-ngepèk-garwa","lan-Panjenengan-ipun-ndodhokaken","lan-lenggahna","lan-mapanaken","lan-ndudukaken","lan-nglungguhaken-kula","lan-panjenengan-papanaken","lan-piyambakipun-sedaya-nglènggahaken","ngepèk-garwa","sampun-mendhet-garwa"]·KO["-에-앉히다","거주하게-하리라","그-앉힌","그가-정착시켰다","그리고-앉게-하셨다-나를","그리고-앉혀라","그리고-앉혔다","그리고-앉히신다-그들을","당신이-정착시킨","들어앉게-했다","로-들어앉게-하기","앉게-하시려고"]·PT["(e-fez-me-sentar)","[e-fez-me-sentar]","e-colocai","e-colocaram","e-fez-habitar","e-fizeram-sentar","e-fizeste-habitar","e-os-assenta","fizeram-habitar","habitará","o-que-tomou","os-que-tomaram","para-fazer-habitar","para-fazer-sentar","para-fazê-lo-sentar","tomaram","¶ E-colocai"]·RU["[и-посадил-меня]","Чтобы-посадить","заселят","и-посадил-их","и-посадил-меня","и-посадили","и-посадите","и-поселил","посадить","поселивший","поселившими","поселивших","поселили","поселяя"]·ES["(y-me-hizo-sentar)","Para-hacerlo-sentar","Y-haced-sentar","[y-me-hizo-sentar]","e-hicieron-sentar","el-que-hizo-morar","habitarán","hicieron-morar","los-que-hicieron-morar","para-hacer-habitar","para-hacer-sentar","que-hicieron-habitar","y-asentaste","y-haced-sentar","y-los-asentó","y-los-sienta","y-sentaron"]·SW["cha-Daudi","kiti-cha-enzi","kumkalisha","kuwaketisha","kuweka","na-akawaweka","na-anawaweka","na-mkalishe","na-ukawaweka","na-wakalishe","na-wakamkalisha","na-wakamketisha","walioa","waliokuwa-wameoa","walioweka","wameoa","watakaa"]·TR["(ve-oturttu-beni)","[ve-oturttu-beni]","evlenenler","evlenmek-için","iskan-edecekler","oturtanlar","oturtanlarin","oturtmak-için","oturtmuslardi","ve-oturttular","ve-oturtun","ve-oturtur-onları","ve-yerleştirdi","ve-yerleştirdin"]·urd["آباد-کریں-گے","اور-بسایا","اور-بسایا-تو-نے","اور-بٹھاؤ","اور-بٹھاتا ہے انہیں","اور-بٹھایا","اور-بٹھایا-مجھے","بٹھائے-تھے","بٹھانے-کو","بٹھانے-کے-لِیے","بٹھانے-کے-لیے","بیاہ-کِیں","جنہوں-نے-بیاہ-کِیں"]
1 Sam 2:8, 1 Kgs 2:24, 1 Kgs 2:24, 1 Kgs 21:9, 1 Kgs 21:10, 1 Kgs 21:12, 2 Kgs 17:6, 2 Kgs 17:24, 2 Kgs 17:26, 2 Chr 23:20, Ezra 10:14, Ezra 10:17 (+6 more)
5. Niphal: to be inhabited — Nifal (passive): to be inhabited. Used in prophetic oracles about cities and lands — Ezekiel's 'the cities that are inhabited shall be laid waste' (Ezek 12:20). Spanish habitada, French habitee confirm the passive reading. The focus falls on the place rather than its residents. 6×
AR["الْمَسْكُونَةُ","تُسْكَنُ","مَسْكُونَةٍ","☐"]·ben["(বসতি-যোগ্য।)","-বসতিপূর্ণ","[বসতি-যোগ্য]","বসতিপূর্ণ","বসবাসযোগ্য","বাস-করে"]·DE["inhabited","wohnen"]·EN["[K]","are-inhabited","inhabited","the-inhabited"]·FR["habita","habiter"]·heb["ה-נושבות","נושבה","נושבו","נושבות","נושבת"]·HI["[बसी-हुई]","बसा-हुआ","बसे-हुए"]·ID["[k]","didiami","dihuni,","yang-didiami","yang-dihuni"]·IT["abitare","inhabited"]·jav["[ketiv]","dipun-enggeni","ingkang-dipun-enggoni","ingkang-dipunisi","ingkang-kaisi"]·KO["(거주되지-않는)","[거주되는]","거주하는","그-거하는","사람사는"]·PT["(habitadas)","[habitada]","as-habitadas","habitada;","habitadas","são-habitadas"]·RU["[кетив]","населены","населённые","населёнными","обитаемую"]·ES["(habitadas)","[habitada]","habitada","habitadas,","las-habitadas","son-habitadas"]·SW["[kaliwa]","inayokaliwa","kaliwa","liwa","yanayokaliwa"]·TR["[oturulmayan]","iskan-edilen","oturulan","oturulanlar","oturulmayan","yerleşilen"]·urd["آباد"]
6. Hofal: to be made to dwell — Hofal (passive causative): to be made to dwell or settled. The rarest stem, appearing in Isaiah's woe oracle against land-grabbers (Isa 5:8) and the promise that ruined cities 'shall be inhabited' (Isa 44:26). Represents the double passive of the Hifil — being settled by another's agency. 2×
AR["تُسْكَنُ","وَ-تُسكِنُونَ"]·ben["ও-বসবে","বাসিত-হবে"]·DE["und-wohnen","wohnen"]·EN["and-you-are-made-to-dwell","she-will-be-inhabited"]·FR["et-habiter","habiter"]·heb["ו-הושבתם","תושב"]·HI["और-तुम-बैठाए-जाओगे","बसाई-जाएगी"]·ID["akan-didiami","dan-kamu-tinggal"]·IT["abitare","e-abitare"]·jav["Badhé-dipanggèni","lan-panjenengan-dipunlenggahaken"]·KO["거하리라","거하여지리라"]·PT["e-sereis-feitos-habitar","será-habitada"]·RU["будешь-населён","и-поселитесь"]·ES["será-habitada","y-seréis-hechos-habitar"]·SW["Utakaliwa","na-mtakaa"]·TR["ve-oturttunuz","yerlesecek"]·urd["آباد-ہو-گا","اور-تم-بسائے-جاؤ"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
יָשַׁב1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell (NH id.; Aramaic יְתֵיב, ܝܺܬܶܒ; MI10.31 ישב, l8. 19 וישב, l13 ואשב, dwell; Ph. ישב dwell; Zinj. ישב sit DHMSendsch. 58; Assyrian ašâbu, sit, dwell, DlHWB 244; Arabic وَثَبَ leap, jump, Ḥimyer. dial. sit, Lane2919; Ethiopic አውሰበ ii. i secum cohabitare facere, marry, consummate marriage, cf. Hiph. 4)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. יָשַׁב Gn 13:12 +; 2 ms. יָשַׁבְתָּ Ju 5:16,…