H1588 H1588
Garden, cultivated enclosure; an enclosed plot for growing plants, from Eden's paradise to royal pleasure grounds.
Denotes an enclosed, cultivated area used for growing plants, vegetables, herbs, or trees. The word is indelibly associated with the Garden of Eden (Gen 2:8-16), where God placed the first humans, and it recurs throughout Scripture for royal gardens (2 Kgs 21:18; Esth 1:5), pleasure gardens (Eccl 2:5), and metaphorical gardens representing the beloved in Song of Solomon (4:12, 16; 5:1). All witness languages consistently render it as garden/jardín/huerto (Spanish), jardin (French), and equivalent terms. A single occurrence in 2 Kings 9:27 may function as a proper toponym ('Beth-haggan,' the garden house), where Hindi transliterates rather than translates the word, hinting at place-name usage.
2. Garden (proper noun, toponym) — A proper-noun or toponymic usage, 'the Garden' as a place name (Beth-haggan or ha-Gannah). Evidenced in 2 Kings 9:27 where the context describes Ahaziah fleeing 'by the way of the garden house.' Hindi's transliteration rather than translation of the word distinguishes this from the common noun, suggesting the ancient audience recognized it as a specific locale near Jezreel. 1×
AR["الْجَنَّةِ"]·ben["বাগানের"]·DE["der-garden"]·EN["the-garden"]·FR["le-garden"]·heb["ה-גן"]·HI["हग्गान"]·ID["-taman"]·IT["il-giardino"]·jav["tamansari"]·KO["정원의"]·PT["o-jardim"]·RU["сада"]·ES["el-jardín"]·SW["bustani"]·TR["bahçenin-o"]·urd["باغ-کے"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. garden, cultivated enclosure — A cultivated plot or enclosed garden, whether for agriculture, pleasure, or sacred purpose. This overwhelmingly dominant sense (41 occurrences) is uniformly rendered across all witness languages as garden/jardín/jardin/Garten. Anchored by the Eden narrative (Gen 2:8-16), royal gardens (2 Kgs 21:18; Esth 1:5; 7:7), the beloved as 'a garden locked' (Song 4:12), and prophetic imagery of restored gardens (Isa 51:3; Ezek 36:35). 41×
AR["الْجَنَّةَ","الْجَنَّةِ","جَنَّةِ-","حَدِيقَةِ","فِي-جَنَّةِ","فِي-جَنَّةِ-","فِي-حَدِيقَةِ-","كَ-جَنَّةٍ","كَ-جَنَّةِ-","كَالْجَنَّةِ","كَجَنَّةٍ","كَجَنَّةِ-","كَـ-جَنَّةِ-"]·ben["ঈশ্বরের","উদ্যানে","উদ্যানে-","উদ্যানের-","বাগান","বাগানে-","বাগানের-মত","বাগানের-মতো","বাগানের-মতো-"]·DE["[בגן]","[גן]","[כגן]","den-Garten","des-Gartens","in-garden-von-"]·EN["garden-of-","in-garden-of-","like-a-garden","like-garden","like-garden-of-","the-garden","the-garden-of"]·FR["comme-jardin","dans-garden-de-","jardin","le-jardin"]·heb["ב-גן","ב-גן-","גן","ה-גן","כ-גַן-","כ-גן","כ-גן-"]·HI["उस-बाग़","उस-बाग़-के","जैसे-बाग","जैसे-बाग-","बगीचे-की-तरह","बाग","बागकी-तरह","बाग़-","बे-बाग़-","में-बाग़"]·ID["di-taman","di-taman-","seperti-Taman-","seperti-kebun","seperti-taman","seperti-taman-","taman","taman-","taman-itu"]·IT["[בגן]","[גן]","[כגן]","giardino","il-giardino","in-giardino-di-"]·jav["ing-patamanan","ing-taman","ing-taman-","kados-kebon","kados-patamanan","kados-patamanan-ing","kados-taman","kados-taman-","taman","taman-","tamanipun"]·KO["같이-동산","그-동산","그-동산-의","다른처럼","동산","동산-처럼","동산같이-","동산에-","동산에서-","동산의","처럼-동산의"]·PT["como-jardim","como-jardim-de","como-jardim-de-","do-jardim","em-jardim-de","em-jardim-de-","jardim-de","no-jardim-de","o-jardim","o-jardim-de"]·RU["-сад","-сада","в-саду","в-саду-","как-сад","как-сад-","сада","саду-"]·ES["como-jardín","como-jardín-de","como-jardín-de-","como-un-jardín","el-huerto","en-el-jardín-de","en-jardín-de","jardín-de"]·SW["bustani","bustani-","bustani-ya","kama-bustani","kama-bustani-ya","kama-bustani-ya-","katika-bustani-ya","katika-bustani-ya-"]·TR["-bahçenin","-bahçesinde-","-bahçeyi","bahce-gibi-","bahcesi-gibi-","bahceye","bahçe-gibi","bahçe-gibi-","bahçenin-","bahçesi-gibi-","bahçesinde","bahçesinde-"]·urd["باغ","باغ-","باغ-میں","باغ-میں-","باغ-کو","باغ-کی-طرح","باغ-کی-طرح-","باغ-کے","باغِ-","جیسے-باغ","جیسے-باغ-","میں-باغ"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† גַּן n.m. Ct 4:12 & (Gn 2:15) f. enclosure, garden (NH id., גַּנָּה, Arabic جَنَّةٌ, Ethiopic ገnነት Assyrian gannu or gannatu word of unc. meaning; Aramaic גִּנָּא, גִּנְתָּא, ܓܰܢܬܳܐ; Ph. פר אגנן אם צץ[צ] CISi, 165, 11 & p. 232 f. birds of enclosure (domestic fowls) or of wing)—abs. גַּן Gn 2:8 + 3 times; cstr. id. Gn 2:15 + 19 times; c. art. הַגָּן Gn 2:9 + 9 times, but כַּגַּן La 2:6; sf.…