2. passion, sinful desire — A semantically distinct use of pathema to denote sinful passions or desires that operate in the human body, in contrast to the 'suffering/affliction' sense. The multilingual signatures clearly differentiate this: Arabic 'ahwa' (desires/passions) rather than 'aalam' (pains/sufferings), Hindi 'vasanaen' (lusts/desires) rather than 'dukh' (suffering), Korean 'jeongyokdeul' (lusts) rather than 'gonandeul' (sufferings), Spanish 'pasiones' rather than 'padecimientos/sufrimientos'. This sense appears in Rom 7:5 ('the passions of sins which were through the law were at work in our members') and Gal 5:24 ('those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires'). Both contexts link pathema with the flesh and sin, yielding the specialized meaning of sinful impulses or passions -- a genuine lexicographic distinction from the suffering/affliction sense. 2×
AR["أَهْوَاءُ","الأهواءِ"]·ben["কষ্টসমূহ","দুঃখকষ্টগুলির"]·DE["Leiden"]·EN["passions"]·FR["Leiden","souffrance"]·heb["סֵבֶל"]·HI["वअस्नओन","वासनाएं"]·ID["nafsu","nafsu-nafsu"]·IT["sofferenza"]·jav["hawa-nepsu","hawa-nepsunipun"]·KO["정욕들","정욕들이"]·PT["paixões"]·RU["-через-","страстями"]·ES["pasiones"]·SW["tamaa"]·TR["tutkularla","tutkuları"]·urd["جذبات","جذبات-کے"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. suffering, affliction — The noun pathema denoting suffering, affliction, or hardship endured, especially in the context of Christ's sufferings and the believer's participation in them. Clusters 73675 (11 occ), 73676 (2 occ), and 73678 (1 occ) all share the same translation signatures: English 'suffering(s)', Spanish 'padecimientos/sufrimientos', German 'Leiden', Arabic 'aalam', Hebrew 'sevel', Hindi 'dukh', Korean 'gonan(deul)'. The three clusters differ only in morphological form (nominative plural, accusative singular, genitive plural) and minor translation phrasing ('sufferings' vs. 'of sufferings'). Key passages include Rom 8:18 ('the sufferings of this present time'), 2 Cor 1:5-7 (sharing in Christ's sufferings), Phil 3:10 (fellowship of his sufferings), 1 Pet 4:13, 5:1 (partakers of Christ's sufferings), and Heb 2:9-10 (perfected through sufferings). This is the primary and dominant sense of pathema in the NT. 14×
AR["آلامُ","آلامِ","آلامِهِ","آلَام","آلَامٍ","آلَامُ","آلَامِ","الآلامِ"]·ben["কষ্টসমূহ","কষ্টসমূহে","কষ্টে:","কষ্টের","দুঃখকষ্টের","দুঃখভোগ","দুঃখভোগগুলি","দুঃখভোগে","দুঃখভোগের","দুঃখভোগের,"]·DE["Leiden"]·EN["of-sufferings","suffering","sufferings"]·FR["Leiden","souffrance"]·heb["סְבָלוֹת","סֵבֶל","סֶבֶל"]·HI["कशतोन","दुख","दुख:","दुखों","दुखों-का","दुखों-के","दुखों-में","दुखों;"]·ID["penderitaan","penderitaan-penderitaan","penderitaan-penderitaan;"]·IT["sofferenza"]·jav["kasangsaran","kasangsaran,","sangsara:"]·KO["고난들","고난들-안에서","고난들-을","고난들로","고난들에","고난들의","고난들이","고난을"]·PT["de-sofrimentos","sofrimento","sofrimentos","sofrimentos,"]·RU["-нынешнего","страданий","страданий,","страдания","страдания,","страданиям","страданиям,","страданиях"]·ES["de-sufrimientos","padecimiento","padecimientos","sufrimientos"]·SW["mateso","mateso,","maumivu","ya-mateso"]·TR["aci-cekmelerimde","aci-cekmelerinin","acıları","acıların","acılarını","acılarının","böyle","o-","sabredene","ıstırabı"]·urd["دُکھ","دُکھوں-کے","دُکھوں،","دکھ","دکھوں","دکھوں-میں","دکھوں-کی","دکھوں-کے","دکھوں،"]
Rom 8:18, 2 Cor 1:5, 2 Cor 1:6, 2 Cor 1:7, Phil 3:10, Col 1:24, 2 Tim 3:11, Heb 2:9, Heb 2:10, Heb 10:32, 1 Pet 1:11, 1 Pet 4:13 (+2 more)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πᾰθ-ημα, ατος, τό, dative plural παθημάτοις Refs:—that which befalls one, suffering, misfortune, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ π. τοῦ Χριστοῦ the passion of Christ, NT; of good fortune, χαῖρε παθὼν τὸ π. (deification) Refs 5th c.AD+: mostly in plural, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀκούσια π., opposed to ἑκούσια καὶ ἐκ προνοίας ἀδικήματα, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ δέ μοι π. μαθήματα γέγονε my sufferings have been my lessons Refs…