οἶκος G3624
House, dwelling place; by extension, household or family lineage as a social unit
One of the most common nouns in the New Testament, oikos spans the concrete and the social. At its most basic it denotes a physical building — the house one returns to, the temple called 'my Father's house,' the structure built on rock or sand. Yet the same word seamlessly extends to the people inside: a household, a family line, 'the house of Israel.' Translations across languages track this duality — Spanish 'casa,' French 'maison,' and German 'Haus' all carry the same double meaning, confirming that the physical-to-social extension is deeply natural.
Senses
1. house, dwelling — A physical house, dwelling, or building — from private residences (Matt 9:6-7, 'go to your house') to the Jerusalem temple called God's house (Matt 21:13, 'my house shall be called a house of prayer'). Covers domestic spaces, rooms, tents, and sacred structures. The multilingual glosses (spa: casa, fra: maison, deu: Haus) uniformly treat this as the default, unmarked sense across all 112 occurrences. 112×
AR["بَيتي","بَيتَ","بَيتُكُم","بَيتِ","بَيتِكَ","بَيتِهِ","بَيتِي","بَيْتٍ","بَيْتَ","بَيْتِ","بَيْتِكَ","بَيْتِهِ","بَيْتِي","بُيُوتِهِمْ"]·ben["গৃহ","গৃহে","ঘর","ঘরে","ঘরে,","বাড়িতে"]·DE["Haus"]·EN["a-house","house"]·FR["maison"]·heb["בֵּית","בֵּיתְכֶם","בֵּיתִי","בַּיִת"]·HI["अधीक्षक","अपने","घर","घर-को","घर-मेइन","दुष्टता","परमेश्वर","सुना-गया","सूर"]·ID["rumah","rumah,","rumah-Ku","rumahmu"]·IT["casa"]·jav["dalem","griya","griyanipun","omah","omah,","omahé"]·KO["집","집에","집으로","집은","집이"]·PT["casa","casa,"]·RU["Дом","дом","доме","домом"]·ES["casa"]·SW["Nyumba","nyumba","nyumba,","ya-sala","yangu","yenu"]·TR["ev","evde","eve","eve,","evim","evime","evine","eviniz"]·urd["گھر","گھر-میں"]
Matt 9:6, Matt 9:7, Matt 12:4, Matt 12:44, Matt 21:13, Matt 21:13, Matt 23:38, Mark 2:1, Mark 2:11, Mark 2:26, Mark 3:20, Mark 5:19 (+38 more)
2. household, family — The household or family as a social unit, extending beyond walls to the people within. Used of managing one's household well as a qualification for church leadership (1 Tim 3:12) and of those who 'overturn whole households' through false teaching (Titus 1:11). The shift from building to people mirrors the same metonymy found in Hebrew bayit (H1004), and translations like Spanish 'casas' and French 'maison' preserve this ambiguity naturally. 2×
AR["بُيوتاً","بُيوتَهُم"]·ben["গৃহগুলি","গৃহের।"]·DE["Haus"]·EN["households"]·FR["maison"]·heb["בָּתִּים","בָּתֵּי"]·HI["घरोन"]·ID["rumah-tangga"]·IT["casa"]·jav["bale-griya.","brayat"]·KO["집들-을","집들을."]·PT["casas","inteiras"]·RU["дома","домами"]·ES["casas"]·SW["nyumba","zao"]·TR["evleri","evlerini"]·urd["گھرانے","گھروں۔"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
οἶκος, ὁ, house, not only of built houses, but of any dwelling-place, as that of Achilles at Troy (see. κλισία), Refs 8th c.BC+; of the Cyclops' cave, Refs 8th c.BC+; of a tent, LXX; οἶκον ἱκάνεται is coming home, Refs 8th c.BC+; εἰς or ἐς οἶκον Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ κατ᾽ οἶκονRefs 5th c.BC+; ἐπ᾽ οἴκου ἀποχωρῆσαι go home wards, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπ᾽ οἴκου from home, Refs; compare οἰκία. __b frequently…