μέτοχος G3353
Sharing in, partaking of; a partner, companion, or associate; one who has a share in something.
Metochos fundamentally describes someone who shares in something with others — whether a calling, a spiritual reality, or a business venture. The author of Hebrews uses it extensively: believers are 'partakers' of Christ (Heb 3:14), of a heavenly calling (Heb 3:1), and of the Holy Spirit (Heb 6:4). The multilingual evidence is revealing — Spanish partícipes and German Teilhaber both emphasize the 'part-taking' dimension, while English companions and Spanish compañeros (Heb 1:9) shift toward relational fellowship. In Luke 5:7, the word describes James and John as fishing 'partners' of Simon, grounding its most concrete use in everyday economic cooperation.
1. sense 1 — Partaker, one who shares in a spiritual reality or calling — emphasizing participation in something received from God. Hebrews uses this sense repeatedly: partakers of a heavenly calling (3:1), of Christ (3:14), of the Holy Spirit (6:4), and of divine discipline (12:8). Spanish partícipes and German Teilhaber ('part-holder') both highlight the idea of receiving a share in something greater than oneself. The consistent Hebrews usage suggests covenantal participation — belonging to Christ's company by grace. 4×
AR["شُرَكَاء","شُرَكَاءَ"]·ben["অংশী","অংশীদার"]·DE["Teilhaber"]·EN["partakers"]·FR["participant"]·heb["שֻׁתָּפִים"]·HI["भागी","सहभागियो","सहभागी"]·ID["mengambil-bagian","sekutu"]·IT["partecipe"]·jav["nduwéni-bagean","panduman"]·KO["참여자들","함께-하는-자들이","함께-하는-자들이니","함께-하는-자들이여"]·PT["Participantes","participantes"]·RU["причастниками","участниками","участники"]·ES["partícipes"]·SW["washiriki"]·TR["ortakları","paydaşlar"]·urd["شریک"]
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
2. sense 2 — Companion, fellow — stressing relational closeness and shared status rather than merely shared possession. In Heb 1:9 (quoting Ps 45:7), the Son is anointed above his 'companions' (metochous), those who share his royal dignity. English companions and Spanish compañeros shift the emphasis from abstract participation toward personal association and fellowship. 1×
AR["شُرَكَائِكَ"]·ben["সঙ্গীদের"]·DE["Teilhaber"]·EN["companions"]·FR["participant"]·heb["חֲבֵרֶיךָ"]·HI["साथियों"]·ID["teman"]·IT["partecipe"]·jav["rowang"]·KO["동료들"]·PT["companheiros"]·RU["соучастников"]·ES["compañeros"]·SW["wenzako"]·TR["arkadaşlarının"]·urd["ساتھیوں"]
3. sense 3 — Business partner, associate in a shared enterprise — the most concrete, commercial use. In Luke 5:7, James and John are called metochoi of Simon in the fishing trade. Spanish compañeros and German Teilhaber both fit naturally here. French participant remains more generic, but the context of shared boats and labor anchors this firmly in economic partnership. 1×
AR["شُرَكاءِ"]·ben["অংশীদারদের"]·DE["μετόχοις"]·EN["partners"]·FR["participant"]·heb["שֻׁתָּפִים"]·HI["साझीदारों-को"]·ID["rekan"]·IT["metochois"]·jav["kanca-nyambut-damel"]·KO["동업자들에게"]·RU["товарищам"]·ES["compañeros"]·SW["washirika"]·TR["ortaklarına"]·urd["ساتھیوں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
μέτοχος, ον, sharing in, partaking of, with genitive, [τῆς συμφορῆς] τὸ πλεῦν μέτοχος Refs 5th c.BC+; μ. ἐλπίδων, τέχνης, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ βίου, of a wife, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II substantive, partner, accomplice in, τοῦ φόνου Refs 5th c.BC+; partner in business, NT+3rd c.BC+ __II.2 member of a board of officials, frequently in phrase ὁ δεῖνα καὶ μέτοχοι πράκτορες, ἐπιτηρηταί, ἀγορανόμοι,…