2. partner, companion — A partner or companion in a shared enterprise, relationship, or endeavor -- emphasizing the relational bond between persons rather than abstract participation in a reality. In Matt 23:30, the Pharisees claim they would not have been 'partners' (koinonoi) with their fathers in shedding prophets' blood -- complicity in wrongdoing. In Luke 5:10, James and John are 'partners' (koinonoi) with Simon in the fishing business -- a commercial partnership. In Heb 10:33, believers became 'companions' (koinonoi) of those publicly mistreated -- solidarity with the suffering. In 2 Cor 8:23, Titus is Paul's 'partner' (koinonos) in ministry -- a co-worker relationship. In Philem 1:17, Paul asks Philemon to receive Onesimus as he would receive Paul himself, 'as a partner' (koinonon) -- personal fellowship. Cross-linguistically: Hindi sajhedar/sathi ('business partner/companion'), Spanish companeros/companero ('companion'), Korean dongryodeul ('colleagues'), distinguishing from the more abstract 'participant' vocabulary. 5×
AR["شَريكًا","شَريكٌ","شَريكَينِ","شُرَكاءَ","شُرَكَاء"]·ben["অংশীদার","সহভাগী"]·DE["Teilhaber","κοινωνοὶ"]·EN["partner","partners"]·FR["compagnon","participant"]·heb["שֻׁתָּף","שֻׁתָּפִים"]·HI["सथि","सहभागी","साझीदार","साझेदार"]·ID["rekan","rekan-rekan","sekutu","sekutu,"]·IT["compagno","koinōnoi","koinōnon"]·jav["kanca","kanca-nyambut-damel","réncang","réncang,","sesarengan"]·KO["동료들이","동료들이라","동료로서","동료이다","동업자들"]·PT["como-companheiro,","companheiro","companheiros"]·RU["общником,","сообщниками","соучастник","соучастниками","соучастники"]·ES["compañero","compañeros","partícipes"]·SW["-","mfanyakazi-pamoja","mshirika","washirika","washiriki"]·TR["ortak,","ortak-","ortakları","paylaşımcılar"]·urd["تھے","شریک"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. sharer, participant — One who shares in or participates in something -- used of spiritual or experiential participation in a common reality. In 1 Cor 10:18,20, those who eat sacrificial food become 'sharers' (koinonoi) in the altar or in demons. In 2 Cor 1:7, the Corinthians are 'sharers' (koinonoi) in Paul's sufferings and comfort. In 2 Pet 1:4, believers become 'sharers' (koinonoi) of the divine nature. In 1 Pet 5:1, Peter identifies himself as a 'sharer' (koinonos) in the glory to be revealed. Cross-linguistically: Arabic shuraka ('partners/sharers'), German Teilhaber ('participant'), Hebrew shutafim/shutaf ('partners'), Hindi sahbhagi/bhagi ('participant/sharer'), Korean dongjamjadeul/chamyeojadeul ('participants'), Spanish participantes/participe, French participant. The auto-clusters split singular vs. plural and different case forms -- all the same participatory sense. 5×
AR["شَريكُ","شُرَكاءَ","شُرَكاءُ"]·ben["অংশীদার","সহভাগী"]·DE["Teilhaber"]·EN["sharer","sharers"]·FR["compagnon","participant"]·heb["שֻׁתָּף","שֻׁתָּפִים","שֻׁתָּפֵי"]·HI["भागी","सहभागी"]·ID["pengambil-bagian","peserta","sekutu","sekutu-sekutu"]·IT["compagno","koinōnoi","koinōnos"]·jav["kang-ndhèrèk:","sesarengan","tumut"]·KO["동참자들이","참여자","참여자들"]·PT["participantes"]·RU["причастниками","причастники","соучастник:","соучастники"]·ES["participante","participantes","partícipes"]·SW["mshiriki","mwe-washirika","washirika"]·TR["cinlerin-","ortakları","ortaklarıdır-","ortaklarısınız","ortağı"]·urd["شریک","شریک:"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κοινων-ός, ὁ, also ἡ, companion, partner, τινος of or in a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ τοῦ κακοῦ κ. accomplice in.., Refs 5th c.BC+; τινι in a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 absolutely, partner, fellow, Refs 5th c.BC+; κοινωνοὶ λιμένων, of a societas publicanorum which farmed harbour-dues, Refs; of joint-owners, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 familiar spirit, LXX __II as adjective, ={κοινός},{ξίφος} Refs 5th c.BC+