1. Capernaum (place name) — The indeclinable proper noun Καφαρναούμ (Kapharnaoum/Kapernaoum) referring to the town of Capernaum on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee, a major center of Jesus' Galilean ministry. The two clusters reflect minor orthographic/transliteration variation (Kapharnaoum vs Kapernaoum) and case distribution (14x across accusative/vocative/dative vs 2x accusative only), not different referents or meanings. Multilingual evidence is uniform: Spanish 'Kapharnaoúm/Capernaúm,' Hindi 'कफरनहूम,' Arabic 'كفرناحوم,' Korean '가버나움,' Swahili 'Kapharnaoúm.' These are the same place. 16×
AR["كَفرناحومَ","كَفرَ-ناحومَ","كَفَرناحومَ","كَفْرَناحومَ","كَفْرَنَاحُومَ","كَفْرِ-نَاحُومَ","يا-كَفرناحومَ"]·ben["কফরনাহুমে","কফরনাহূম","কফরনাহূম;","কফরনাহূমে","কফরনাহূমে,"]·DE["Kapernaum"]·EN["Kapernaoum","Kapharnaoum"]·FR["Capernaüm"]·heb["כְּפַר-נַחוּם","כְּפַר־נַחוּם"]·HI["कफरनओउम","कफरनहूम","कफरनहूम,","कफरनहूम-में","कफरनहूम।","कफ़रनहूम"]·ID["Kapernaum","Kapernaum,","Kapernaum.","Kapernaum;","itu"]·IT["Capernaum"]·jav["Kapernaum","Kapernaum,","Kapernaum.","Kapèrnaum","Kapèrnaum,","Kapèrnaum;"]·KO["가버나움","가버나움-에","가버나움-에서","가버나움아","가버나움에","가버나움에서","가버나움으로"]·PT["Cafarnaum","Cafarnaum,","Cafarnaum.","Cafarnaum;"]·RU["Капернаум","Капернаум,","Капернауме","Капернауме,"]·ES["-Kapharnaoúm","Capernaúm","Kapharnaoúm","Kaphārnaóum"]·SW["Kapernaum,","Kapernaumu","Kapharnaoum","Kapharnaoúm","Kapharnaoúm;","Kaphárnaoum"]·TR["Kafernahum'a","Kafernahum;","Kefarnahum","Kefarnahum'a","Kefarnahum'da","Kefarnahum'un","Kefernahum","Kefernahum'a","Kefernahum."]·urd["-ال","میں","کفرنحوم","کفرنحوم-","کفرنحوم،"]
Matt 4:13, Matt 8:5, Matt 11:23, Matt 17:24, Mark 1:21, Mark 2:1, Mark 9:33, Luke 4:23, Luke 4:31, Luke 7:1, Luke 10:15, John 2:12 (+4 more)
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
καφαρναούμ (Καπερ-, Rec., see WH, App. 160), ἡ (Heb. כָּפָר נַחוּם Nahum's village) Capernaum: Mat.4:13, Mrk.1:21, Jhn.2:12, al (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)