An adjective meaning 'of Ephesus' or 'Ephesian,' referring to the prominent city in Asia Minor that housed the temple of Artemis and later a significant Christian community. The textual tradition of Revelation 2:1 shows variation between this adjectival form and the prepositional phrase 'in Ephesus.' Paul spent extended time in Ephesus, and his letter to the Ephesians addresses believers there. The term identifies both residents and characteristics associated with this important early Christian center.