ἐκ G1537
from, out of (source/origin); at (position/side); by means of, with (instrument/cause)
Senses
1. from, out of (source/origin) — The primary spatial and causal sense of ἐκ/ἐξ: denoting origin, source, separation, or extraction — 'from', 'out of'. This is the dominant NT usage (885+ occurrences). Covers genealogical origin (Matt 1:3ff ἐκ τῆς Θαμάρ), geographical departure (Matt 2:15 ἐξ Αἰγύπτου), material source (Matt 3:9 ἐκ τῶν λίθων), and partitive uses. Glosses are remarkably uniform: Arabic من, German aus, French de, Hebrew מִ/מִן, Hindi से, Korean 에서, Spanish de. 886×
AR["الَّتِي-مِنْهَا","فَ-مِنَ","لِأَنَّ-مِنْ","مِن","مِنَ","مِنْ"]·ben["-থেকে","থেকে","মধ্য-থেকে","মধ্যে"]·DE["aus"]·EN["from","from-","of","of-","out-of","out-of-"]·FR["de-"]·heb["מִ","מִ-","מִ-אֲשֶׁר","מִן-","מֵ-"]·HI["-मेइन-से","-से","में-से","से"]·ID["dari","di-antara"]·IT["da"]·jav["saking"]·KO["-에게서","-에서","~로부터"]·PT["de","deles","destas","do","dos"]·RU["ибо-по","из","из-","от","с"]·ES["*-porque","de"]·SW["ambaye-kutoka-kwake","kutoka","kutoka-","kutoka-kwa","kutoka-kwako","kutokana-na-","miongoni","miongoni-mwenu","wao"]·TR["-dan","-den"]·urd["-سے","سے"]
2. at (position/side) — Positional use of ἐκ denoting location at or on a side, especially in the fixed expression ἐκ δεξιῶν/ἐξ εὐωνύμων ('at the right/left hand'). Found in eschatological seating (Matt 20:21, 23; 25:33-34, 41), the session of Christ (Matt 22:44; 26:64; Mark 10:37, 40; 14:62), and judgment scenes. Hindi renders as पर 'at/on', Spanish as a, English as 'at', while Arabic عن and Hebrew מ preserve ablative coloring. 31×
AR["عَن","عَنِ","عَنْ"]·ben["-থেকে","থেকে"]·DE["aus","aus-"]·EN["at","at-"]·FR["de-"]·heb["ימִין","מִ-"]·HI["-पर","-से","पर","से"]·ID["di"]·IT["da"]·jav["ing","saking","wonten-ing"]·KO["-에서","~에","~에서","에서"]·PT["da","à","à-"]·RU["по","по-"]·ES["a","de"]·SW["kulia","kushoto","mkono-wa","mkono-wa-kushoto","mkono-wa-kuume","upande-wa"]·TR["-de","-den"]·urd["-سے","سے","پر"]
Matt 20:21, Matt 20:21, Matt 20:23, Matt 20:23, Matt 22:44, Matt 25:33, Matt 25:33, Matt 25:34, Matt 25:41, Matt 26:64, Matt 27:38, Matt 27:38 (+19 more)
3. by means of, with (instrument/cause) — Instrumental or causal use of ἐκ indicating the means, instrument, or basis of an action — 'by', 'with', 'for'. Includes pricing (Matt 20:2 ἐκ δηναρίου 'for a denarius'), the instrument of purchase (Matt 27:7 ἐξ αὐτῶν 'with them [the silver]'), and causal basis (John 3:34 ἐκ μέτρου 'by measure'). Spanish renders as por/con, Arabic as بـ, Korean as 에서/로, confirming instrumental semantics distinct from spatial origin. 5×
AR["بِ","بِ-","عَلى","مِنَ"]·ben["-দ্বারা","জন্য","থেকে"]·DE["aus","aus-"]·EN["-","by-","for","with-"]·FR["de-"]·heb["בְּ-","לְ-","מִ-"]·HI["-पर","-से","से"]·ID["dari","dengan","untuk"]·IT["da"]·jav["kaping","mawi","saking"]·KO["-로","~에서"]·PT["com","pela","por","por-"]·RU["в-","во-","за-","по","по-"]·ES["con","por"]·SW["-mara","kwa","kwa-hizo","kwa-kipimo"]·TR["-dan","-den"]·urd["سے","سے-","پر"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐκ, before a vowel ἐξ, also __A ἐξ τῳ ϝοίκῳ Refs and less frequently ; ἐγ- in Inscrr. before β γ δ λ μ ; Cretan dialect and Boeotian dialect ἐς Refs 6th c.BC+; ἐχ frequently in Attic dialect Inscrr. before χ φ θ (and in early Inscrr. before ς, Refs:—preposition governing GEN. only (except in Refs 4th c.BC+:—radical sense, from out of, frequently also simply, from. __A.I OF PLACE, the most…