Virgin Maiden

† בְּתוּלָה50 n.f. virgin (cf. Arabic بَتُولٌ, بَتِيلٌ, Assyrian batultu (also batûlu of young man) 5 R 42:56 v. Jer ZA 1886, 399; NH בְּתוּלָא, ܒܬܽܘܠܴܐ )—Gn 24:16 + 19 times; cstr. בְּתוּלַת Dt 22:19 + 12 times; pl. בְּתוּלוֹת Est 2:2 + 7 times; בְּתֻלוֹת Zc 9:17; בְּתוּלֹת Ex 22:16 + 2 times; בְּתֻלֹת La 5:11; sf. בְּתוּלֹתָיו ψ 78:63 + 3 times;—one living apart in her father’s house as a virgin Gn 24:16 (J); Ex 22:15 (E); Lv 21:3, 14 (P); Dt 22:19; Ju 19:24; 2 S 13:2; Jb 31:1; Is 62:5; Je 2:32; 31:13; Jo 1:8; נערה בתולה a virgin damsel Dt 22:23, 28; Ju 21:12; 1 K 1:2; Est 2:3; בחור ובתולה Dt 32:25 2 Ch 36:17 Je 51:22 Ez 9:6; personification of nations בתולת ישׂראל Je 18:13; 31:4, 21 Am 5:2; ב׳ בת ציון 2 K 19:21 (= Is 37:22; on double st. cstr. v. Ges§ 130.5 Phi St Cstr. 63) La 2:13; ב׳ בת עמי Je 14:17; ב׳ בת יהודה La 1:15; ב׳ בת צידון Is 23:12; ב׳ בת בבל Is 47:1; ב׳ בת מצרים Je 46:11; pl. virgins Ex 22:16 2 S 13:18 Est 2:2, 17, 19 ψ 45:15; 78:63 La 1:4; 2:10; 5:11 Ez 44:22 Am 8:13; בחורים ובתולות ψ 148:12 Is 23:4 Zc 9:17 La 1:18; 2:21.

† צִידֹנִי adj.gent. of foregoing;—צ׳ Ju 3:3; Ez 32:30; elsewhere pl. צִידֹנִים Dt 3:9 +, צִידוֹנִים Ju 10:12, צִדֹנִים 18:7 + 3 times; fpl. צֵדְנִיֹּת 1 K 11:1;—as subst. = Sidonians, coll. c. art. Ez 32:30; Ju 3:3; in earlier lit. appar. = Phoenicians Dt 3:9; Jos 13:4, 6; Ju 3:3; 10:12; 18:7(×2) 1 K 5:20 (= Tyre v 15), 16:31 (if, [JosAnt. viii, 13:1] Ethb. was king of Tyre also), Ez 32:30; also עַשְׁתֹּרֶת אֱלֹהֵי צ׳ 1 K 11:5, 33, cf. 2 K 23:13; named with Tyrians 1 Ch 22:4 Ezr 3:7.

παρθένος, Laconian dialect παρσένος Refs 5th c.BC+. ἡ, maiden, girl, Refs 8th c.BC+; αἱ ἄθλιαι π. ἐμαί my unhappy girls, Refs 8th c.BC+; π. κόρα, of the Sphinx, uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+; θυγάτηρ π. Refs 5th c.BC+; of Persephone, Refs 5th c.BC+; virgin, opposed to γυνή, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 of unmarried women who are not virgins, Refs 8th c.BC+ __3 Παρθένος, ἡ, the Virgin Goddess, as a title of Athena at Athens, Refs 2nd c.AD+ (hence of an Attic dialect coin bearing her head, Refs 5th c.BC+; of Artemis, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the Tauric Iphigenia, Refs 5th c.BC+; of an unnamed goddess, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ ἱεραὶ π., of the Vestal Virgins, Refs 1st c.BC+; αἱ Ἑστιάδες π. Refs; simply, αἱ π. Refs 1st c.BC+ __4 the constellation Refs 4th c.BC+ __5 ={κόρη} Refspupil, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II as adjective, maiden, chaste, παρθένον ψυχὴν ἔχων Refs 5th c.BC+; μίτρη π. Refs 4th c.BC+ __III as masculine, παρθένος, ὁ, unmarried man, NT __IV π. γῆ Samian earth Refs

† בְּתוּלִים n.f. virginity, pl. abs. intens. Dt 22:14, 17, 20; cstr. בְּתוּלֵי Dt 22:15, 17, all concrete, tokens of virginity; abstr., sf. בְּתוּלַי Ju 11:37; בְּתוּלֶיהָ Lv 21:13 Ju 11:38 Ez 23:8; בְּתוּלֵיהֶן Ez 23:3.

† עַלְמָה n.f. young woman (ripe sexually; maid or newly married);—ע׳ Gn 24:43 (J), Ex 2:8 (E), Pr 30:19 Is 7:14; pl. עֲלָמוֹת ψ 68:26 Ct 1:3; 6:8; עַל־עֲלָמוֹת to (the voice of) young women, either lit., or of soprano or falsetto of boys: 1 Ch 15:20 ψ 9:1 (read עַל־עֲלָמוֹת לַבֵּן [for עַל־מוּת לַבֵּן, ‘voce virginea a pueris decantandum,’ Thes), 46:1; 48:15 (read עַל־עֲלָמוֹת [for עַל־מוּת]; tr. prob. to 49:1).

παρθεν-εία, ἡ, virginity, Refs 5th c.BC+:—more frequently παρθενία, Epic dialect παρθενίη, LXX+7th c.BC+; ἀπὸ τῆς π. or ἀπὸπ., NT; ἐκ π. Refs 1st c.AD+; of a man, Refs