Straying and Erring

† [נָדַח] vb. impel, thrust, banish (especially Dt. Je. and later) (NH id., beguile, Hiph. Niph.; Aramaic נְדַח (rare) = BH; Ethiopic ነድሐ thrust; Arabic نَدَخَ is drive a ship to shore);— Qal Impf. יִדַּח 2 S 14:14; Inf. לִנְדֹּחַ Dt 20:19;—trans. 1. impel (i.e. wield) an axe, sq. עַל־ Dt 20:19; 2. thrust away, banish, sq. מִן־ 2 S 14:14. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִדְּחָה Jb 6:13, etc.; (Impf. יִדַּ֫חוּ Je 23:12 v. דחח); Pt. נִדָּח 2 S 14:14; נִדָּחָה Mi 4:6 + 2 times; נִדַּ֫חַת Ez 34:4, 16, etc. On נִדְחֵי Is 11:12; 56:8; ψ 147:2 v. Ki Köi. 317;— 1. be impelled: וְנדְּחָה יָדוֹ בַּגַּרְזֶן be impelled with the axe Dt 19:5. 2. be thrust out, banished: of dispersion in exile, sq. שָׁם Je 40:12; 43:5 (‖ שׁוּב); sq. לִפְנֵי 49:5 (‖ קִבֵּץ); cf. also fig. תֻּשִׁיָּה נִדְּחָה מִמֶּנִּי Jb 6:13 is banished from me, i.e. is non-existent; especially Pt. banished one(s), outcast(s), as acc. cogn. c. נָדַח 2 S 14:14; c. קִבֵּץ Mi 4:6; Dt 30:4; Zp 3:19; Ne 1:9; נ׳ יִשִׂרָאֵל, c. אָסַף Is 11:12 (‖ נְפֻצוֹת יְקַבֵּץ); c. קִבֵּץ 56:8; c. כִּנֵּס ψ 147:2; c. הֵשִׁיב 2 S 14:13; Ez 34:4, 16 (both ‖ אֹבֵד); c. בּוֹא Is 27:13 (‖ id.); v. also Is 16:3, 4 Je 49:36; outcast = neglected one, fig. of Zion 30:17 (‖ דֹּרֵשׁ אֵין לָהּ). 3. driven away (from herd, i.e.) straying Dt 22:1. 4. thrust away, aside, from י׳ to idolatry Dt 4:19; 30:17 (sq. וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוָה). Pu. Pt. אֲפֵלָה מְנֻדָּח Is 8:22 thrust into darkness. Hiph. Pf. וְהִדִּיחַ consec. 2 S 15:14; הִדַּ֫חְתִּי Je 23:3; 29:14, etc.; Impf. sf. וַיַּדַּח 2 Ch 21:11 + 2 K 17:21 Qr; וַיַּדִּ֫יחוּ Dt 13:14, etc.; Imv. sf. הַדִּיחֵ֫מוֹ ψ 5:11; Inf. הַדִּיחַ 62:5, etc.;— 1. thrust, move, impel, fig., obj. רָעָה 2 S 15:14 (sq. עַל־). 2. thrust out, banish, especially of exile, subj. י׳, c. acc. sq. שָׁ֫מָּה Dt 30:1 Je 46:28; 16:15 (‖ הֶעֱלָה); sq. שָׁם Je 8:3; 24:9; 29:18 Dn 9:7 + Ez 4:13 (om. 𝔊 Co); Je 23:3 (‖ קִבֵּץ), v 8 (‖ הֶעֱלָה, הֵבִיא), 29:14 (‖ קִבֵּץ, הֵשִׁיב, so 32:37; also 27:10 (‖ הַרְחִיק), v 15 (‖ אָבַד), cf. 23:2 (Judah under fig. of flock, subj. evil shepherd, ‖ הֵפִיץ), 50:17 (Isr. as sheep, subj. enemies as lions); of driving out priests 2 Ch 13:9; invader Jo 2:20 (sq. אֶל־); wicked ψ 5:11 (‖ הַאֲשִׁימֵם); good man from his eminence ψ 62:5 (sq. מִן). 3. thrust away, aside, from י׳ to idolatry, c. acc., Dt 13:14; sq. מִן־הַדֶּרֶךְ v 6; מֵעַל י׳ v 11; מֵאַחֲרֵי י׳ 2 K 17:21 Qr (Kt v. נדא); cf. 2 Ch 21:11 (‖ הִזְנָה). 4. compel, force, subj. adulteress (by flattery), sq. acc. Pr 7:21 (‖ הִטָּה). Hoph. Pt. מֻדָּח chased, hunted, צְבִי מ׳ Is 13:14, sim. of fugitive Babylonians.

† תָּעָה vb. err (‖ form of טָעָה, q.v.; Aramaic (sometimes) תְּעָא, תְּעִי id.; NH = BH (rare));— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ת׳ Is 21:4; 1 s. תָּעִ֫יתִי ψ 119:110, 176, etc.; Impf. 3 fs. תֵּתַע Gn 21:14 Pr 7:25; 3 mpl. יִתְעוּ Is 35:8 +; Inf. cstr. תְּעוֹת Ez 44:10 +; Pt. תֹּעֶה Gn 37:15 +, etc.;— 1. physically, wander about, abs. Ex 23:4 (E) Is 35:8; 53:6; Jb 38:41 ψ 119:176;;c.; ב loc. Gn 21:14; 37:15 (JE), Pr 7:25 ψ 107:4;;c.; ל loc. Is 47:15; acc. loc. 16:8. 2. of intoxication,;c.; בְּ of wine Is 28:7; מן of wine v 7; fig. of perplexity, subj. לבב 21:4. 3. ethically, abs. Ez 44:10; 48:11(×3) ψ 58:4 prob. Pr 14:22 (cf. חוטא v 21, but Bu Toy go astray to ruin); תֹּעֵי רוח Is 29:24, תֹּעֵי לבב ψ 95:10; c. מן 119:110; Pr 21:16, מֵאַחֲרַי Ez 14:11, מֵעָלַי Ez 44:10, 15. Niph. 1. be made to wander about, as a drunkard: Inf. cstr. הִתָּעוֹת Is 19:14. 2. ethically: Pf. 3 ms. נִתְעָה be led astray Jb 15:31 (c. בשׁוא). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִתְעָה Ho 4:12 (We הִתְעָם); Impf. וַיֶּ֫תַע 2 Ch 33:9; sf. וַיַּתְעֵם Jb 12:24 +; Pt. מַתְעֶה Is 30:28 +;— 1. physically: cause to wander about: abs. Is 30:28 (of bridle, in fig.), Pr 10:17; Je 50:6 (acc. of people as sheep); acc. pers. Pr 12:26; c. מן loc. Gn 20:13 (E), ב loc. Jb 12:24 = ψ 107:40. 2. of intoxication, Is 19:13, 14; Jb 12:25. 3. mentally and morally: cause to err, mislead: abs. Is 3:12; 9:15; Ho 4:12; c. acc. pers. Am 2:4; Mi 3:5; 2 K 21:9 = 2 Ch 33:9; Je 23:13, 32; c. ב obj. Je 42:20 (so Gf; Ke al. (so Pr 10:17) intr. err at cost of; 𝔊 Ew Du Co הֲרֵעֹתֶם); c. מן of י׳ Is 63:17.

† [שָׁגָה] vb. go astray, error (Aramaic שְׁגָא, ܫܓܳܐ id.);— Qal Pf. 1 s. שָׁגִיתִי Jb 6:24; 19:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁגֶּה Pr 5:23, etc.; Inf. cstr. שְׁגוֹת 19:27; Pt. שֹׁגֶה Ez 45:20; Pr 20:1, etc.;— 1. error, stray, of flock Ez 34:6 (fig.). 2. swerve, meander, reel or roll, in drunkenness, ב of drink Is 28:7(×2); = be intoxicated, Pr 20:1; so with (בּ) love 5:19, 20; שׁ׳ בָּרֹאֶה Is 28:7. 3. go astray, morally, 1 S 26:21; Pr 5:23; Jb 6:24; 19:4, + 1 S 14:24 (reading שׁ׳ שְׁגָגָה) Th We Dr Now (after 𝔊; otherwise Bu HPS); c. מן, of י׳’s commands ψ 119:21, 118, מִן of words of knowledge Pr 19:27. 4. specif. commit sin of ignorance, inadvertence Lv 4:13; Nu 15:22 (P) Ez 45:20 (cf. שׁגג). Hiph. lead astray: 1. lit., Pt. מַשְׁגֶּה Dt 27:18 (בַּדֶּרֶךְ). 2. מַשׁ׳ mentally = mislead Jb 12:16. 3. morally, Pt. Pr 28:10 (רָ֑ע בְּדֶרֶךְ); Impf. 2 ms. sf. תַּשְׁגֵּנִי, c. מן of God’s commands ψ 119:10; + perhaps Jb 12:23 leadeth nations astray (מַשְׂגִּיא in Kenn., Field).

πλᾰν-η, ἡ, wandering, roaming, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 discursive treatment, ἡ διὰ παντὸς διέξοδος καὶ π. Refs 5th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, going astray, βίοτος ἀνθρώπων π. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ περὶ τὰ χρώματα π. τῆς ὄψεως the illusion, Refs; πολλὴν ἔχει.. πλάνην irregularity, Refs 4th c.BC+; πολλὰς ἀπορίας ἔχει καὶ π. Refs; ἡ κατὰ τὰς αἰσθήσεις π. Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 deceit, imposture, LXX+NT

† [שָׂטה] vb. turn aside (Aramaic סְטָא, ܣܛܳܐ id.; שְׂטָא stray; Ethiopic ሠጠየ iii. 1 be seduced, etc.; cf. DrJPhil. xi (1882), 205);— Qal Pf. 2 fs. שָׂטִית Nu 5:19, 20; Impf. 3 fs. תִּשְׂטֶה v 12, 29, juss. 3 ms. יֵשְׂטְ Pr 7:25; Imv. ms. שְׂטֵה 4:15;—turn aside, of unfaithful wife Nu 5:12 (abs.), + תַּחַת אִישׁ, i.e. while married, v 19 (+ טֻמְאָה adv. acc.), v 20, 29 (all P); of youth, from (מֵעַל) way of evil woman Pr 4:15, toward (אֶל) her ways 7:25.

† תּוֹעָה n.f. wandering, error;— 1. error in morals and religion, c. דִּבֶּר, Is 32:6. 2. confusion, disturbance, c. עָשָׂה, Ne 4:2.

παραρρέω, aorist -ερρύην (see. below): perfect -ερρύηκα (see. below):— flow beside, by, or past, τὴν Νίνον Refs 5th c.BC+ __II slip off or out, εἴ τί μοι τόξων.. παρερρύηκεν Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅτῳ μὴ παραρ ρυείη [ἡ χιών] whom it did not slip off, Refs 5th c.BC+ many points escaped you, Refs 5th c.BC+having disappeared from memory, Gp.Prooem. Refs __II.2 of persons, π. τῶν φρενῶν slip away from one's senses, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, to be careless, neglect advice, etc., υἱὲ μὴ παραρρυῇς LXX+NT __III run off, Refs 4th c.BC+; π. παρὰ (variant{πρὸς}) τὴν ἀρτηρίαν slip into the windpipe, Refs __III.2 slip in unawares or by stealth, λόγοι παρερρυήκασι πρὸς ἡμᾶς ψευδεῖς Refs 4th c.BC+; παραρρυεὶς ἄνθρωπος εἰς τὸν νεών Refs 1st c.AD+; εἴ τι ἐν τῷ τῆς ποιήσεως δρόμῳ παραρρυὲν λάθῃ any irregularity which slips in, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV φωναὶ σαθραὶ καὶ παρερρυηκυῖαι cracked and unsteady, Refs 4th c.BC+

πλᾰν-ήτης, ου, Doric dialect πλανάτας, ὁ, ={πλάνης} 1.1, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς π. ἐπὶ τὰς πόλεις ἐμπόρους [καλοῦμεν] Refs 5th c.BC+; πλανῆται ἐπὶ πάντας τόπους, of hares, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II as adjective, π. ἄθλιος βίος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 in Medicine texts, ={πλάνης}Refs 2nd c.AD+

† [טָעָה] vb. wander, stray (NH id., err; Aramaic טְעָא, ܛܥܳܐ; Arabic طَغَى exceed just limit, be immoderate, extravagant, طَاغِيَةٌ one who deviates from right way; Ethiopic ጣዖት apostasy, superstition, idolatry)— Qal Pt. f. (כְּ)טֹעֲיָה Ct 1:7 like a wandering (vagrant) woman, for MT כְּעֹטְיָה according to 𝔖 Sym. 𝔗 𝔙; but cf. עַטָה" dir="rtl" >II עטה. Hiph. Pf. הִטְעוּ אֶת־עַמִּי Ez 13:10 fig., they have led astray my people.

† II. [לוּעַ, or לָעַע] vb. talk wildly (MT לָ֑עוּ, יָ֫לַע; perhaps better wd. be לָעוּ֫, יִ֫לַע (√ לעה), cf. Thes and Arabic لَغَا, لَغِىَ make mistakes in talking, BaZMG xli. 1887, 605, 614);— Qal Pf. 3 mpl. לָ֑עוּ Jb 6:3, subj. דברים (v. Di); Impf. מוֹקֵשׁ אָדָם יָ֫לַע קֹדֶשׁ Pr 20:25 it is a snare to a man that he should rashly cry, Holy! (construction unusual, and perhaps textual error, cf. Frankenberg; on form v. Ol§ 243 a Anm.; Böi. 296 Köi. 375 f. der. from לעע; Str, Hiph. from לעע).

† [מְשׁוּגָה] n.f. error;—sf. מְשׁוּגָתִי Jb 19:4 (? read מְשֻׁגָּתִי).

† [שְׁגִיאָה Köii. 1. 197] n.f. error;—pl. abs. שְׁגִיאוֹת ψ 19:13; read שְׁגָגוֹת?.

† [שֵׂט, סֵט] n.[m.