Sinking Submerging

† טָבַע vb. sink, sink down (NH id.; Aramaic ܛܒܰܥ, טְבַע; Ph. טבע coin; Assyrian ṭebû, sink in, ṭabbîʾu, diver (water-fowl) etc., v. Muss-ArnoltJBL xi, 1892, 170 DlHWB; Arabic طَبَعَ seal, stamp, imprint; Ethiopic ጠምዐ dip)— Qal Pf. טָבַעְתִּי ψ 69:3; טָֽבְעוּ ψ 9:16 La 2:9; Impf. וַיִּטְבַּע Je 38:6; וַתִּטְבַּע 1 S 17:49; אֶטְבָּ֑עָה ψ 69:15;—sink, sink down, intrans., c. בְּ; 1 S 17:49 (stone into Goliath’s forehead); Je 38:6 (Jerem. in mire of dungeon); La 2:9 (gates of Jerus. into ground); metaph. of distress; ψ 69:3 ט׳בִיוֵן מְצוּלָה; 69:15 (‖ הצילני מִטִּיט); nations into the pit (בַּשַּׁחַת) 9:16. Pu. Pf. טֻבְּעוּ be sunk Ex 15:4 (poem) of Egyptians drowned בְּיַם־סוּף. Hoph. Pf. הָטְבְּעוּ be sunk בַבֹּץ in the mire, of feet, metaph. of entanglements and difficulties Je 38:22; הָטְבָּ֑עוּ, of pedestals (אֲדָנִים) of the earth, as settled, planted עַל Jb 38:6 (‖ ירה פִּנָּה); abs. of mountains Pr 8:25.

[שָׁקַע] vb. sink, sink down (so NH שָׁקַע, Aramaic שְׁקַע; Arabic has صَقِعَ be smitten, prostrated, collapse);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְשָֽׁקְעָה Am 9:5 it shall sink like the Nile (of land; opp. עָלָה); 3 fs. וַתִּשְׁקַע Nu 11:2 (JE), of fire, it sank down, died out; תִּשְׁקַע Je 51:64, of Babylon (like stone in water; opp. קוּם). Niph. 3 fs. נִשְׁקְעָה Am 8:8 Qr, of land, sink (opp. עָלָה; = Qal 9:5; Kt erron. נשקה, cf. WSG 287). Hiph. Impf. 1 s. אַשְׁקִיעַ מֵימֵיהֶם Ez 32:14 I will make their waters sink (settle, grow clear); 2 ms. וּבְחֶבֶל תַּשְׁקִיעַ לְשׁוֹנוֹ Jb 40:25 with a cord wilt thou make his tongue sink (? pull or press it down; of crocodile; MichSuppl. 2349, cited Thes1477, cp. Sam. ࠔࠒࠏ= חבשׁ bind).

† [שׁוּחַ] vb. sink down (Buhl disting. this as II. שׁ׳ (Arabic وَاخَ (و) sink down, MI 9. 23 אשוח prob. depression, excavation, reservoir, so אשיח Ecclus 50:3), and hence שָׁ֫חָה Pr 2:18, si vera l., and foll. deriv., from I. שׁ׳ melt away (Arabic ساح (ى) flow and spread, melt away, Ethiopic ሴሐ: I. 2 cause to dwindle, ሲሕ: phthisis, Aramaic שׁוּחַ, ܫܳܚ flow or melt away, vanish), whence La 3:20 ψ 44:26; but insuff. evidence for I. שׁ׳ in Heb.);—sink down, Qal Pf. 3 fs. שָׁ֫חָה לֶעָפָר נַפְשֵׁנוּ ψ 44:26 (‖ דָּֽבְקָה לָאָרֶץ); שׁ׳ אֶל־מָוֶת בֵּיתָהּ Pr 2:18 (‖ אֶל־רְפָאִים; but ב׳ masc., read שָׁחָה, √ שׁחה, AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 82, so Toy); Impf. 3 fs. תָּשׁוּחַ עָלַי נַפְשִׁי La 3:26 Qr, Hiph. declar. תָּשִׁיחַ Kt, of depression of mind.—ψ 49:15 Gr reads שָׁחוּ for MT שַׁתּוּ but v. שָׁתַת" dir="rtl" >שׁתת.— Hithp. ψ 42, 43 v. שָׁחַח" dir="rtl" >שׁחח.

βῠθ-ίζω, sink a ship, Refs 5th c.BC+; let down, ἀγκύρας Refs 4th c.AD+; bury, plunge, ἑρπετόν.. ἐν μυχῷ τοῦ πηλοῦ Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, of a ship, etc., sink, Refs 1st c.BC+; of a person, to be plunged into the sea, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II overwhelm, submerge, of a flood, οἰκίας Refs 1st c.AD+:—passive, Refs __III metaphorically, β. ἀνθρώπους εἰς ὄλεθρον NT:—passive, to be ruined, τοὺς διὰ φιλοκερδίαν βυθιζομένους Refs 1st c.BC+

καταποντ-ίζω, throw into the sea, plunge or drown therein, τινα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, variant in NT+2nd c.BC+; sink, NT.Mat.14.30; of a ship, Refs 3rd c.BC+