Safety and Security

† I. בֶּ֫טַח n.[m.] security—Gn 34:25 + 41 times; הַשְׁקֵט וָבֶטַח Is 32:17 quietness and security = בְּהַשְׁקֵט וּבְבִטְחָה Is 30:15 (but prob. both infs.) elsewhere always adverb;—securely, ישׁב לבטח Lv 25:18, 19; 26:5 Ju 18:7 1 K 5:5 ψ 4:9 Pr 3:29 Is 47:8 Je 32:37; 49:31 Ez 28:26; 34:25, 28; 38:8, 11, 14; 39:6, 26 Zp 2:15 Zc 14:11; ישׁב בטח Dt 12:10 1 S 12:11; שׁכן לבטח Dt 33:12 ψ 16:9 Je 23:6; 33:16; שׁכן בטח Dt 33:28 Pr 1:33; לבטח (היה) Jb 24:23 Ez 34:27; היה בטח Ju 8:11; הלך לבטח Pr 3:23; הלך בטח Pr 10:9; שׁכב לבטח Jb 11:18 Ho 2:20; רבץ לבטח Is 14:30; נחה לבטח ψ 78:53; עבר בטח Mi 2:8; כושׁ בטח Cush (dwelling) securely Ez 30:9 (pregnant construction, del. בטח Co); וַיָּבֹאוּ עַל הָעִיר בֶּטַח and they came upon the city (dwelling) securely Gn 34:25 (J).

† I. שָׁלֵם adj. complete, safe, at peace;—שׁ׳ Gn 15:16 +; pl. שְׁלֵמִים Gn 34:21; Na 1:12; f. שְׁלֵמָה Dt 25:15 +; pl. שְׁלֵמוֹת 27:6 Jos 8:31;— 1. complete: a. full, perfect: אֶבֶן שְׁלֵמָה full weight Dt 25:15; Pr 11:1, אֵיפָה שׁ׳ Dt 25:15; of עָוֹן Gn 15:16 (JE); number of captives Am 1:6, 9; of army Na 1:12 (text corrupt; 𝔊 משֵׁל מַיִם, but?; v. Comm.); of reward Ru 2:12; of stones, whole (in natural condition, unhewn) Dt 27:6; Jos 8:31 (cf. law Ex 20:25). b. finished: i.e. hewn stones 1 K 6:7; temple 2 Ch 8:16. 2. safe, unharmed, of pers. Gn 33:18 (P; Sam. שׁלוֹם, cf. בשׁלום 28:21; not n.pr.loc. as Vrss). 3. in covt. of peace, friendship, c. אֵת Gn 34:21 (P); לֵבָב שָׁלֵם עִם י׳ a mind at peace with י׳, keeping covt. relation, hence complete, perfect, 1 K 8:61; 11:4; 15:3, 14; c. אֶל 2 Ch 16:9, אֶל om. 2 K 20:3 = Is 38:3 (לֵב), 1 Ch 12:38; 29:19; 2 Ch 15:17; 19:9; 25:2; לֵב 1 Ch 28:9; 29:9.

† [שָׂגַב] vb. be (inaccessibly) high (cf. 𝔗 שְׂגַב Pa. [from Heb.] exalt);— Qal Pf. 1. 3 fs. שָֽׂגְבָה Dt 2:36, of city, c. מִן, be (too) high for capture. 2. 3 mpl. שָֽׂגְבוּ Jb 5:11 of pers., be high in prosperity. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׂגַּב Is 2:11, 17; נִשְׂגָּ֑ב Pr 18:10; 3 fs. נִשְׂגְּבָה ψ 139:6; Pt. נִשְׂגָּב Is 12:4 +; fs. נִשְׂגָּבָה Is 26:5; +;— 1. be high, walls Is 30:13; Pr 18:11; city Is 26:5; God’s knowledge ψ 139:6 (unattainable). 2. be (safely) set on high, Pr 18:10. 3. be exalted, of God Is 2:11, 17; 33:5; his name 12:4 ψ 148:13. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׂגֵּב Is 9:10 ψ 107:41; sf. יְשַׂגֶּבְךָ 20:2, etc.;—trans. c. acc.: 1. set (securely) on high, ψ 20:2; 69:30; 91:14; c. מִן, of foe 59:2, affliction 107:41. 2. exalt, in effective hostility, c. עַל, Is 9:10. Pu. Impf. 3 ms. יְשֻׂגָּ֑ב Pr 29:25 be set (securely) on high. Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׂגִּיב Jb 36:22 God acts exaltedly בְּכֹחוֹ.

ἀσφάλ-εια [φᾰ], genitive ας, Ionic dialect ης, ἡ, (ἀσφᾰλής) security against stumbling or falling, ἀ. πρὸς τὸν πηλόνRefs 5th c.BC+; steadfastness, stability, ἀσφαλείᾳ.. ἀνόρθωσον πόλιν raise up the city so that it stand fast, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 assurance from danger, personal safety, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τῆς ἐπαναφορᾶς precaution regarding it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἰδία ἀ., opposed to ὁ τῆς πόλεως κίνδυνος, Refs 5th c.BC+safe-conduct, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. διδόναι, παρέχειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σῶμ᾽ ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ καθιστάναι, καθεστάναι, Refs 5th c.BC+; κατ᾽ ἀσφάλειαν in safety, Refs 5th c.BC+seasons of safety, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 caution, σῴζονται ὑπ᾽ ἀσφαλείαςRefs 1st c.AD+: in Lit. Crit., circumspection, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 assurance, certainty, ἀ. πολλὴ μὴ ἂν ἐλθεῖν αὐτούςRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἐργάζεσθαι τὴν γῆν security for agriculture, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 ἀ. λόγου convincing nature, certainty of an argument, NT __6 as law-term, security, bond, Refs 2nd c.AD+; pledge, Refs 1st c.BC+: in plural, = Latin cautiones, Refs 6th c.AD+ __7 Refs 4th c.BC+ name for eight, Refs

Included with: ἀσφαλός, ὁ, name of a bird, Refs 5th c.AD+

† בַּטֻּחוֹת n.f.pl. security, safety Jb 12:6.