Now (Temporal Adverb)

כֹּה demonstr. adv. thus, here (BA כָּה; 𝔗 𝔖Jerus. Mand. כָּא here: in Syriac with prefixes ܠܟܳܐ hither, ܡܶܟܳܐ (𝔖Jerus. ܡܶܢ ܟܳܐ) hence, ܐܰܝܟܳܐ where? cf. אֵיכָה, p. 32, and Köii. 1, 252)— 1. of manner, thus (so most freq., and usually pointing to what is to follow, while כֵּן points commonly to what has preceded), Gn 15:5 כה יהיה זרעך thus shall thy seed be, Nu 6:23 1 K 2:30 כֹּה דִבֶּר יוֹאָב וְכֹה עָנָנִי, 5:25 Is 24:13 (answered by כְּ, as Je 23:29); with a subst. Is 20:6 הִנֵּה כֹה מַבָּטֵנוּ, Je 9:21 (si vera l.), 23:29 1 S 27:11. Mostly confined to particular phrases: thus a. with diff. forms of אמר, כה תאמר thus shalt thou say Ex 3:14, 15; 19:3; 20:22 etc.; especially כה אמר י״י thus saith (or said) י׳ Ex 4:22; 5:1; 7:17, 26; 8:16 etc.; and continually in the prophets, as Is 7:7; 8:11; 18:4 etc.; Je 2:2, 5; 4:27; 6:16 etc.; also in the idiom. formula אִם כֹּה יֹאמַר if he say (or used to say) (the words spoken following) †Gn 31:8 1 S 14:9, 10; 20:7 2 S 15:26. b. with עשׂה to do thus, Ex 5:15 Dt 7:5; pointing back, Nu 22:30 Jos 6:14 1 S 27:11 al.; especially in the phrase כה יעשׂה אלהים וכה יוסיף (with variations), 1 S 3:17 + (v. יסף), in which כֹּה points to an imprecation understood but not expressed. With בְּ prefixed †1 K 22:20 ויאמר זה בְּכֹה וזה אמר בְּכֹה and one spake in this wise, and another spake in that wise (‖ 2 Ch 18:19 כָּכָה … כָּכָה; prob. rightly). †2. of place, here (rare, chiefly in E), Gn 31:37 שִׂים כֹּה place it here before my brethren, Nu 23:15(×2) 2 S 18:30 Ru 2:8. Repeated, Ex 2:12 וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה and he turned this way and that way; כֹּה … כֹּה on this side … on that side Nu 11:31. With עַד Gn 22:5 and we will go עַד־כֹּה as far as here (δεικτικῶς) i.e. yonder. †3. of time, עַד כֹּה hitherto, Ex 7:16 (cf. עַד־הֵנָּה), Jos 17:14; עַד־כֹּה וְעַד־כֹּה till now and till then, i.e. meanwhile, 1 K 18:45.

עַתָּ֫ה435 (also Ez 23:43 ψ 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gn 32:5 +, adv. of time, now (proposes acc. of [’int], עֵת (Köii. 260), at the time, in partic. of the present time, i.e. now; cf. Germ. zur Zeit, Arabic اَلْآنَ at the time, i.e. now);—now: 1. a. Gn 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, 22:12 כי עתה ידעתי now I know (so Ex 18:11; Ju 17:13; 1 K 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], ψ 20:7), 26:22, 29; 27:36; 31:13, 28, etc., Ex 5:5 הן רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opp. to past time, as Gn 32:11; Jos 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Ju 11:8; 1 K 12:4; Is 1:21 ועתה מרצהים, 16:14 Ho 2:9 כִּי טוֹב לִי אָז מֵעָ֑תָּה, 13:2; Jb 30:1 +, or to future, as Nu 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Ju 8:6 הֲכַף זֶבַח וצ׳ עַתָּה־בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ, 1 S 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Nu 22:38; Ju 8:2; = now at last 2 S 24:16; 1 K 19:4; 2 K 19:25; Ho 7:2; Je 4:12; and in the phr. מעתה ועד עולם †Is 9:6; 59:21; Mi 4:7 (v. infr.), ψ 113:2; 115:18; 121:8; 125:2; 131:3. b. of the imminent or impending future: Gn 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מֵהֶם, 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, v 34 Ex 6:1 עתה תראה, Nu 11:23; 22:4; 2 S 20:6; Is 33:10 (ψ 12:6), 43:19; 49:19; Am 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Is 49:19; Mi 7:4, 10; Dn 10:20; and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hos, introducing a punishment, Ho 4:16 עתה יִרְעֵם י׳ וגו׳ 5:7; 8:8, 13 (Je 14:10), 10:2. c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Is 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v b Ho 10:3; Mi 4:9, 10, 11, 14; 5:3. d. describing a present state = as things are: 1 S 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 9:6; 13:12; 14:30; 25:7b; 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2 K 18:20, 25; Jb 6:21; 14:16; 16:7. e. with an Imv., as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gn 31:13 עתה קום צא, Ex 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Nu 22:11 Dt 2:13 Is 30:8. 2. Phrases: a. עַתָּה זֶה (זֶה 4 h) †1 K 17:24 2 K 5:22. b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (cf. 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gn 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedinet), lest he put forth his hand, etc., 20:7; 21:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, 27:3, 8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, 30:30; 31:16, 44; 37:20 + often, Is 5:3, 5; 36:8 ψ 2:10; Gn 11:6 ועתה לֹא־יִבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו׳, 31:30; 45:8; 2 S 19:11 ψ 39:8 ועתה מַה־קִּוִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Is 52:5. c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Ex 3:9 Jo 14:10(×2) 1 S 12:2; 24:21; 1 K 1:18; Je 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated after the הנה-clause). †d. גם עתה Gn 44:10; 1 S 12:16; 1 K 14:14; Jo 2:12; Jb 16:19. †e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Je 3:4; Is 48:6; Dn 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2 Ch 16:9; מעתה ועד עולם, v. supr. 1 a end. f. עַד־עַתָּה until now, Gn 32:5 וָאֵחַר עד־ע׳, Dt 12:9 לא באתם עד ע׳ אל הנחלה (opp. to the fut.), 2 K 13:23; especially after clause with מִן, 46:34 מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַד־ע׳ (2 S 19:8 Ez 4:14), Ex 9:18; 2 K 8:6; Ru 2:7. g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for then (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency; cf. Dr§ 141, 142); †(a) Ex 9:15 כי עתה שׁלחתי וגו׳ for then (if the intention expressed in v 14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Nu 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1 S 13:13; Jb 3:13; sq. impf. Jb 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, v 2) it would be heavier, etc., 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gn 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472).— Note. Read כְּמוֹ עַתָּ (𝔊 𝔙) as now, for כְּמוֹ עֵת Ez 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (𝔊 𝔖 𝔙) now art thou broken! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ez 27:34, and prob. עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, cf. 𝔊 𝔖) for עֶת־בֹּא Hg 1:2; also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1 K 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v 18b; 2 S 18:3.

νῦν (for νυν, νυ, see infr. II), adverb now, both of the present moment, and of the present time generally, οἳ ν. βροτοί εἰσιν mortals of our day, Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Ionic dialect and Attic dialect, οἱ ν. [ἄνθρωποι] men of the present day, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ ν. τρόπος, τὸ ν. βαρβαρικόν, Refs 5th c.BC+; Βοιωτοὶ οἱ ν.Refs 5th c.BC+the present, LXX+5th c.BC+; μέχρι ν. (variant{μ. τοῦ ν}.) Refs 1st c.BC+; τὰ ν. simply, ={ν}., NT+5th c.BC+ __2 of the immediate past, just now, but now, ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν Refs 8th c.BC+ __3 of the future, presently, ν. αὖτ᾽ ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+; compare νῦν δή, νυνί. __4 sometimes opposed to to what might have been under other circumstances, as it is (or was), as the case stands (or stood), as a matter offact, ν. δ᾽ ὁ μὲν ὣς ἀπόλωλε Refs 8th c.BC+; καὶ ν. even so, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 coupled with other Particles, τὰ ν. γε Refs 5th c.BC+; ν. δή, see entry : with other expressions of Time, ν... σήμερον, ν. ἡμέρη ἥδε, Refs 8th c.BC+; ν. ἤδη henceforth, Refs 5th c.BC+ (anapaest meter), etc.; ν... ἄρτι but now, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II enclitic (but see below) νυν, νυ. [νυ only Epic dialect, Boeotian dialect, and Refs 4th c.AD+; νῠν twice in Refs 8th c.BC+; ῠ Refs 5th c.BC+, ῡ in Comedy texts Refs 5th c.BC+; both quantities in τοίνυν, which see] __II.1 rarely of Time, now, perhaps so used in Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.2 in Epic dialect mostly as a particle of emphasis, ἧκε δ᾽ ἐπ᾽ Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῇσκον Refs 8th c.BC+: frequently coupled with other Particles or Conjs., ἦ ῥά ν. Refs; ἐπεί νύ τοιRefs __II.3 in commands or entreaties, μή ν. μοι νεμεσήσετ᾽ Refs come now !Refs 5th c.BC+; so in Boeotian dialect, ν. ἔνθω Refs 5th c.AD+ __II.4 in questions, τίς ν.; τί ν.; who, what, why now? Refs 8th c.BC+; ἦ νυ..; Refs 8th c.BC+; oxytone when ={δή}, Tyrannioap.Hdn.Gr.2.27; καθ᾽ ὁμαλισμόν or κατ᾽ ἔγκλισιν when=δή, Refs 5th c.BC+. In codices usually perispomenon in both senses, Refs 5th c.BC+; even νῠν is written νῦν in codices vett. Refs 5th c.BC+ passim, also in Refs 5th c.BC+; hence νυν may frequently be restored where the sense requires it. The accent of τοίνῡ?~Xν perhaps shows that both νῠν and νῡν could be enclitic.—Position: in signf. I νῦν can occupy any position; in signf. II it prefers (like other enclitics, but also like{ἄν, δέ, γάρ}, etc.) the second place in the sentence, e.g. πρός νύν σε πατρός Refs 5th c.BC+; νυ (always enclitic) precedes other enclitics and allows only δέ to precede.] (Cf. Sanskrit nú, n[umacracute], nūnám, ORefs 5th c.BC+ nū 'now', etc.)

ἤδη, adverb: __1 already, by this time, νὺξ ἤ. τελέθει 'tis already night, Refs 8th c.BC+: with numerals, ἤ. γὰρ τρίτον ἔτος Refs 8th c.BC+; ἦν δ᾽ ἦμαρ ἤ. δεύτερονRefs __2 forthwith, immediately, φρονέω δὲ διακρινθήμεναι ἤ. Ἁργείους καὶ Τρῶας Refs 8th c.BC+; στείχοις ἂν ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἤδη.. στέλλεσθ; Refs; μετὰ τοῦτ᾽ ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἤ. ποτέ now at length, Mitteis Refs 2nd c.AD+; on the verso of a letter, urgent, immediate, PCair. Zen.154 Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἤ. ἤ. ταχὺ ταχύ Refs __3 opposed to to the future or past, actually, now, οὐκ ὄναρ, ἀλλ᾽ ὕπαρ ἤ. Refs 8th c.BC+; οἱ μὲν τάχ᾽, οἱ δ᾽ ἐσαῦθις, οἱ δ᾽ ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐ τάχ᾽, ἀλλ᾽ ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἤ. χάρις present favour, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 of logical proximity, ἤ. γὰρ ἂν προστίθεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἐκ τούτων ἤ. συγκείμεναRefs; τοῦτο τοὔπος δεινὸν ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ πάντα τὰ πράγματα διαφθείραντα ταῦτ᾽ ἐστὶν ἤ. Refs 4th c.BC+ __4.b καὶ ἤ. and further, as well, ἐμέ τε καὶ σὲ καὶ τἆλλ᾽ ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __4.c for instance, Refs __4.d only then, then and not before, τότ᾽ ἤδη Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐνταῦθ᾽ ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 with superlative, ὦ πάντων ἀνδρῶν ἤ. μάλιστα.. κτησάμενε up to this time, Refs 5th c.BC+: with comparative, ἤδη.. λόγου μέζων Refs 5th c.BC+ __II joined with other words of time, ἤ. νῦν now already, Refs 8th c.BC+; νῦν ἤ. Refs 8th c.BC+; ποτ᾽ ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; πάλαι ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἤ. τότε even then, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπεὶ ἤ. Refs 8th c.BC+; εἰ ἤ. Refs 8th c.BC+; τὸ τηνίκ᾽ ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ λοιπὸν ἤ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἤ. γε even now, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III of place, ἀπὸ ταύτης ἤ. Αἴγυπτος after this Egypt begins, Refs 5th c.BC+

I. הֵ֫נָּה49 adv. hither (perhaps from II. הֵן, used δεικτικῶς, with ה-loc., proposes lo hitherwards! or perhaps akin to هُنَا, هَنَّا, هِنَّا here)— a. of place: (α) hither Gn 15:16 יָשׁוּבוּ הֵנָּה, 42:15; 45:5 that you have sold me הֵנָּה hither, v 8, 13 Jos 2:2; 3:9; 18:6 2 S 1:10 Is 57:3 וְאַתֶּם קִרְבוּ הֵנָּה, Je 31:8; 50:5 +; 1 S 20:21 מִמְּךָ וָהֵנָּה from thee and hitherwards, i.e. on this side of thee (opp. מִמְּךָ וָהָֽלְאָה): repeated 2 K 4:35 אַחַת הֵנָּה וְאַחַת הֵנָּה once hither and once thither = once to and fro; הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה hither and thither i.e. in different (or opposite) directions, †Jos 8:20 2 K 2:8, 14 1 K 20:40 strangely וַיְהִי עַבְדְּךָ עֹשֵׂה הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה lit. and thy servant was a doer of hitherwards and thitherwards, i.e. was engaged in different directions (Ew§ 360, c treats ה׳ here as the pron. 3 pl. fem. construed irregularly, cf. עֹשֵׂה אֵלֶּה: but read prob. with 𝔊 𝔗 𝔖 𝔙 Th Klo פֹּנֶה was turning or looking (Ex 2:12) for עֹשֵׂה); עַד־הֵנָּה even hither, Nu 14:19 1 S 7:12 2 S 20:16 קְרַב עַד־הֵנָּה, 2 K 8:7, to this point (in a book) Je 48:47; 51:64 (note of compiler or scribe). (β) here (cf. שָׁמָּה = there) Gn 21:23 swear to me הֵנָּה here, Dn 12:5 הֵנָּה לְ׳ … הֵנָּה לְ׳ on this side of … on that side of … †b. of time, in עַד הֵנָּה hitherto Gn 15:16 (with a neg., = not yet) 44:28 Ju 16:13 ψ 71:17 & until now do I keep declaring thy wonders, 1 Ch 9:18; 12:30 until now (the point reached in the narrative). In late Heb., contracted to עֲדֶ֫נָה hitherto, still †Ec 4:2, עֲדֶן †Ec 4:3 אֲשֶׁר עֲדֶן לֹא הָיָה = who has not yet been (cf. Mish. עֲדַיִן hitherto, still, עֲדַיִן לֹא = not yet).

ἄρτι [ῐ], adverb just, exactly, of coincidence of Time, just now (not in Refs 8th c.BC+ __1 mostly of the present, with present tense, Refs 6th c.BC+; opposed to πάλαι, with perfect, τέθνηκεν ἄ.Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. ἥκεις ἢ πάλα; Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ... νῦν or νῦν.. ἄ., Refs 5th c.BC+; later, ={νῦν}, NT+3rd c.BC+; ἄ. καὶ πρώην to-day and yesterday, i. e. very lately, Refs 1st c.AD+; ἕως ἄ. till now, NT+3rd c.AD+: with substantive, ὁ ἄ. λόγοςRefs 5th c.BC+; ἡλικίαν.. τὴν ἄ. ἐκ παίδωνNT+5th c.BC+; ἄ. μὲν.. ἄ. δὲ.. now.. now.., at one time.. at another.., Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 of the past, just now, with imperfect, ἄ. βλάστεσκε uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+: with aorist, λέξας ἄ.Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to νῦν, ὃ ἄ. ἐρρήθη.. νῦν δὲ.. Refs 5th c.BC+, compare 127c; ἐν τῷ ἄ., opposed to ἐν τῷ νῦν καὶ ἐν τῷ ἔπειτα, Refs __3 in Refs 4th c.BC+ and later also of the future, just now, presently, Refs 2nd c.AD+; also, just at present, πλεύσεις, ἄ. δὲ οὔRefs 2nd c.AD+ (Perh. cognate with Sanskrit ṛtám 'ordinance', ṛtás 'correct'.)

νῡνί, Attic dialect form of νῦν, strengthened by -ῑ demonstrative, now, at this moment, mostly of the present, Refs 5th c.BC+: less frequently with past tenses, ὧν ν. διέβαλλε Refs 5th c.BC+: also with future, ν. δὲ πειράσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: with aorist imperative, ν. μεταγνώτω Refs 5th c.BC+: rarely in the sense, as the case stands Refs 5th c.BC+; νυνδί, for νυνὶ δέ, Refs 4th c.BC+; compare νυνγαρί, for νυνὶ γάρ, Refs

† כְּעַן adv. now (so Egyptian Aramaic (CISii. 137 = CookeNo. 73 RÉS 361 B S-CPap. C 5); 𝔗, e.g. Nu 22:4: עַן prob. a subst. from [עָנָה] the √ of עֵת (p. 773a), time; so כְּעַן lit. at (this) time = Heb. עַתָּה: K§ 67, 4);—Dn 2:23 וּכְעַן הוֹדַעְתַּנִי, 3:15; 4:34; 5:12, 15, 16; 6:9; Ezr 4:13, 14, 21; 5:17; 6:6; עַד־כְּעַן until now Ezr 5:16 (so 𝔗 Gn 18:22 +).

δεῦρο (Aeolic dialect δεῦρυ Refs 8th c.BC+, strengthened in Attic dialect δευρί Refs 5th c.BC+ in Attic dialect Inscrr., as Refs: late δευρεί Refs 4th c.AD+. adverb: __I of Place, hither, with all Verbs of motion, Refs 8th c.BC+; in pregnant sense with Verbs of rest, to [have come hither and] be here, δ. παρέστης Refs 5th c.BC+; τῆς δ. ὁδοῦRefs 5th c.BC+ __I.b later, here, τὰ δ., = sensible objects, Refs 4th c.BC+ __I.2 used as Interjection, come on! in Refs 8th c.BC+: later with 2nd pers. plural imperative, δ. ἴτε Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.b with 1st pers. plural subjunctive, δεῦρο, φίλη, λέκτρονδε τραπείομεν come let us.., Refs 8th c.BC+; later in this sense with imperative, καί μοι δ. εἰπέ here now, tell me, Refs 5th c.BC+; δεῦρό σου στέψω κάρα come let me.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2.c without a Verb, δ. δηὖτε Μοῖσαι Refs 7th c.BC+; δεῦρο, σύ here, you! Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. παρὰ Σωκράτη (i.e. καθίζου) Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. δὴ πάλιν (i.e. βλέπε) Refs __I.2.d later, go away! LXX __I.3 in arguments, μέχρι δ. τοῦ λόγου up to this point of the argument, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of Time, until now, hitherto, Trag. (see. below) and Prose, Refs 5th c.BC+; μέχριδεύρου (sic) Refs 4th c.AD+; εἰς τὴν δ. Refs 5th c.BC+

† כְּעֶ֫נֶת and (Ezr 4:17) contr. כְּעֶת adv. now (f. of כְּעַן; so first SS TorreyJBL 16 (1897), 166 ff.; now confirmed by Egyptian Aramaic כענת Cowley PSBA xxv. 264, 311, 312 (= RÉS 492–4 = S-C M, N, O); וכ׳ formerly taken to mean and so forth);—always וּכ׳, and always in a letter, introducing the business of the letter, and to be connected with what follows, not, as MT, with what precedes: Ezr 4:10 (del., as introduced by error from end of v 11), v 11 (joining to v 12) and now, let it be known, etc., v 17 f. and now, the letter which, etc., 7:12 f. and now, I make a decree, etc. (cf. וְעַתָּה similarly in letters 2 K 5:6; 10:2, and καὶ νῦν 2 Macc. 1:6).

παραυτίκᾰ, adverb ={πάραυτα}, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ π. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκ τοῦ π. Refs 1st c.AD+; ἐν τῷ π. Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with Substantives, Ἅιδην τὸν π. ἐκφυγεῖν present death, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ π. λαμπρότης momentary splendour, Refs 5th c.BC+