Melt Dissolve

† [מָסַס] vb. dissolve, melt, intr. (𝔗 מְסַס; cf. מסה, and II. מאס);— Qal Inf. cstr. מְסֹס נֹסֵס Is 10:18; like the melting (wasting away) of a נֹסֵס (q.v.) Niph. Pf. וְנָמֵס consec. Ez 21:12; וְנָמָ֑ס Ex 16:21 ψ 112:10; נָמַ֫סּוּ ψ 97:5 + 2 times; Impf. יִמַּס Dt 20:8 +; וַיִּמַּסּוּ Ju 15:14; Inf. abs. הִמֵּס 2 S 17:10; cstr. id. ψ 68:3; Pt. נָמֵס ψ 22:15 + 2 times;— 1. melt (intr.) of manna Ex 16:21; wax ψ 68:3 (sim. of wicked); manacles Ju 15:14 (=vanished, dropped off); wicked ψ 112:10 (melt away); especially of hills and mts. Mi 1:4 ψ 97:5 Is 34:3. 2. most often fig. of heart=faint, grow fearful, Na 2:11 2 S 17:10(×2) Dt 20:8 (Ges§ 121 b) Jos 2:11; 5:2; 7:5 Is 13:7; 19:1 Ez 21:12 ψ 22:15. 3. Pt.=wasted, consumptive (?), 1 S 15:9 (‖ נְמִבְזָה, read נִבְזָה v. בזה Niph.) נִמְאֶסֶת worthless, lit. rejected (v. מאס Niph.) Hiph. Pf. 3 pl. הֵמַסּוּ אֶת־לְבָבֵנוּ Dt 1:28 cause to melt (=intimidate).

† מוּג vb. melt (𝔗 מוּג Ithp., ψ 46:7; 107:26; cf. Arabic مَاجَ surge (of the sea), Qor 18:99; مَوْجٌ a wave);— Qal Impf. 3 fs. תָּמוּג ψ 46:7; וַתָּמוֹג Am 9:5; 2 ms. sf. וַתְּמוּגֵ֫נוּ Is 64:6 (but read prob. וַתְּמַגְּנֵנוּ, v. [מָגַן] p. 171 supr., and cf. Di > Du תְּמוֹגְגֵנוּ); Inf. לָמוּג Ez 21:20;— 1. melt, subj. אֶרֶץ, at touch of י׳ Am 9:5; at voice of י׳ ψ 46:7; = faint (of heart), Ez 21:20. 2. trans. cause to melt Is 64:6 (but v. supr.) Niph. Pf. נָמוֹג Na 2:7 + 1 times; 3 pl. נָמֹ֫גוּ Ex 15:15 + 3 times; Pt. pl. נְמֹגִים ψ 75:4 in view of prevailing fig. use, and of Arabic مَاجَ (موج) be in tumult, commotion, of sea, people, be agitated, perplexed, it is perhaps dub. whether melt is orig. meaning; be moved, agitated is usually poss., and even Am 9:13 ψ 65:11 (both late), where (especially Am) moistening is suggested, this may be perhaps derived from agitating, loosening, dissolving;—melt away, fig. for be helpless, disorganized (through terror, etc.) Ex 15:15 (cf. context), Jos 2:9, 24 1 S 14:16 (cf. We Dr), Je 49:23, cf. Na 2:7 Is 14:31 ψ 75:4. Poʿl. soften, dissolve, act.: only Impf. 2 ms. sf. (subj. God): בִּרְבִיבִם תְּמֹגְגֶנָּה ψ 65:11 thou softenest it [the earth] with showers; fig., = dissipate וּתְמֹֽגְגֵ֫נִי Jb 30:22—We reads וַיְמֹגֵג Hb 3:6 for וַיְמֹדֶד, v. מָדַד" dir="rtl" >מדד Poʿ. Hithpoʿl. Pf. 3. pl. הִתְמֹגָ֑גוּ Na 1:5; Impf. 3 fs. תִּתְמוֹגָ֑ג ψ 107:26; 3 fpl. תִּתְמוֹגַגְנָה Am 9:13;—melt, subj. hills (before י׳) Na 1:5; subj. נֶפֶשׁ ψ 107:26 (in terror); hyperb. for flow Am 9:13 (of fertile hills, ‖ הִטִּ֫יפוּ הֶהָרִים). Ni. inf. abs. נָמוֹג Is 14:31.

† דּוֹנַג n.m. wax, דּוֹנַג Mi 1:4 + 2 times; דּוֹנָ֑ג ψ 22:15—always in simile, of melting; at theophany hills melt like wax ψ 97:5; like wax before fire Mi 1:4; wicked perish as wax melteth before fire ψ 68:3; heart melteth like wax ψ 22:15 (simile of fear, despair). On ד׳ in ψ 118:12 cf. Bae Checrit. n.

† [מָסָה] vb. melt, dissolve, be liquefied (Ethiopic መሰወ liquefy; Aramaic מְסָא melt away, ܡܣܳܐ dissolve, decay; coagulate; Assyrian masû is wash; v. also מסס);—only Hiph. Pf. 3 pl. הִמְסִיו Jos 14:8 (on form v. Ges§ 75 R. 17). Impf. sf. יַמְסֵם ψ 147:18; 2 ms. וַתֶּ֫מֶס ψ 39:12; אַמְסֶה ψ 6:7;—cause to dissolve, melt, ice ψ 147:18; hyperb. בְּדִמְעָתִי עַרְשִׁי אַמְסֶה ψ 6:7 with my tears I cause my bed to dissolve; וַתֶּמֶס כָּעָשׁ חֲמוּדוֹ ψ 39:12=consume, cause to vanish; fig. sq. לֵב=intimidate Jos. 14:8.

† [קָפָא] vb. thicken, condense, congeal (cf. Syriac ܩܦܳܐ heap up, collect);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. קָֽפְאוּ תְהֹמֹת Ex 15:8 (song) the deeps were condensed, became firm walls; Impf. יקפאון Zc 14:6 Kt (i.e. יִקְפָּא֑וּן [poss. is also יִקָּפֵא֑וּן Niph.]) Thes al. glorious(?) ones [stars] shall contract (dwindle), but read Qr וְקִפָּאוֹן v. foll. Pt. הַקֹּפְאִים עַל־שִׁמְרֵיהֶם Zp 1:12 the men who are thickening on their lees (easy-going men, under figure of undisturbed wine). Hiph. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תַּקְפִּיאֵנִי Jb 10:10 didst thou not curdle me like cheese (of formation of foetus)?

τήκω, Refs 4th c.BC+, Doric dialect τάκω [ᾱ] Refs 5th c.BC+: future τήξω Refs 5th c.BC+; Doric dialect 2nd pers. singular ταξεῖς (κατα-) Refs 3rd c.BC+: aorist ἔτηξα Refs 8th c.BC+perfect τέτηκα, in intransitive sense, Refs 8th c.BC+; Doric dialect τέτᾱκα Refs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect ἐτετήκειν Refs 5th c.BC+ — middle, future τήξομαι (but in passive sense) Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐτηξάμην Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, future τᾰκήσομαι LXX+1st c.AD+aorist ἐτάκην [ᾰ] Refs 5th c.BC+; frequently in compounds ἐξ-, ἐν-, συν-; rarely ἐτήχθην, Refs 5th c.BC+, once in Trag., συντηχθείς Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect τέτηγμαι Refs 1st c.AD+; but in early Gr. the perfect and pluperfect passive are supplied by the intransitive active perfect and pluperfect τέτηκα, ἐτετήκειν (see. above). __I active, melt, melt down (transitive), of metals, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. πετραίαν χιόνα A.[same place]; bring clouds down in rain, Refs 5th c.BC+; dissolve, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 metaphorically, dissolve, cause to waste or pine away, μὴ θυμὸν τῆκε let it not melt or pine away, Refs 8th c.BC+; τίν᾽ αεὶ τάκεις ὧδ᾽ ἀκόρετον οἰμωγὰν τὸν Ἀγαμέμνον; (i.e. τί ὧδε τήκει οἰμώζουσα τὸν Ἀγ.;) Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. καὶ λείβει [τὸ θυμοειδέςRefs; διαφορεῖν καὶ τ. [σάρκα] carry off and reduce superfluous flesh, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II passive, with intransitive perfect active τέτηκα, melt, be dissolved, melt away, of snow, thaw, χιὼν τηκομένη Refs 8th c.BC+; of metals, ἐτήκετο κασσίτερος ὥς Refs 8th c.BC+; also τετηκότα (i.e. κρέα) sodden flesh, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄλφιτα πυρὶ τ. is consumed, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τήκεται κοιλίη, merely, is relaxed, Refs 5th c.BC+“Aër.” 7; of putrefying flesh, fall away, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a corpse, κατθανὼν ἐτήκετο Refs 5th c.BC+; κηκὶς μηρίων ἐτήκετοRefs 5th c.BC+; εἰς τοῦτο τετηκυῖα resolved into.., NT+5th c.BC+; of fat, τακείσης πιμελῆς Refs 2nd c.AD+.140; of food in the digestive organs, τήκεται μὲν ἡ πρότερον ῥηθεῖσα [πτισάνη], ἡ δ᾽ ἑτέρα δύστηκτός ἐστι Refs __II.2 metaphorically, melt or waste away, pine, κλαίουσα τέτηκα Refs 8th c.BC+; τήκετο καλὰ παρήϊα δάκρυ χεούσηςRefs 5th c.BC+; Ὀδυσσεὺς τήκετο was moved to tears, Refs 8th c.BC+; come to naught, δόξαι.. τακόμεναι κατὰ γᾶν μινύθουσιν Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐπί τινι τακείς consumed for love of.., Refs 3rd c.BC+; βλέμμα τηκόμενον a languishing look, Refs 1st c.AD+. (Cf. Latin τᾱβες, ORefs 5th c.BC+ pawian 'thaw', Slavonic tajati 'melt'.)

† [הֶ֫מֶס] n.[m.] only pl. הֲמָסִים brushwood (cf. De Che Di RV; some such meaning prob. from context) כִּקְדֹחַ אֵשׁ הֲמָסִים Is 64:1 as fire kindleth brushwood (VB).

† הִתּוּךְ n.[m.] a melting (Hophal-format., dissim. from הֻתּוּךְ, according to BaNB § 102 d);—cstr. כְּהִתּוּךָ כֶּסֶף בְּתוֹךְ כּוּר Ez 22:22 like a melting of silver in a smelting-pot.

† תֶּ֫מֶס n.m. melting (away);—כְּמוֹ שַׁבְּלוּל ת׳ יַהֲלֹךְ ψ 58:9 like a snail that goeth into melting (leaving slimy track).