Love (Active Verb)

אָהֵב216 vb. love— Qal Pf. אָהֵ֑ב Gn 27:9 + 7times; אָהֵ֥ב Gn 27:14; אָהַב Gn 37:3 + 3 times; אֲהֵֽבְךָ Dt 15:16; 3 fs. אָֽהֲבָה Ct 1:7 +, etc.; impf. יֶאֱהַב (־הָ֑ב) Pr 3:12 +; 1 s. אֵהָ֑ב Pr 8:17 (cf. Ew§ 192 d Ges§ 68.1); וָֽאֹהַ֖ב Mal 1:2; וָאֹהֲבֵהוּ Ho 11:1; אֹהֲבֵם Ho 14:5; וָאֹהֲבֵם ψ 119:167; 2 mpl. תְּאֵהֲבוּ Pr 1:22 (cf. KöI p. 394 Ges§ 63 R. 2); תֶּאֱהָ֑בוּ Zc 8:17; תֶּאֱהָבוּן ψ 4:3; Imv. אֱהַב־ Ho 3:1; אֱהָבֶהָ Pr 4:6; אֶהֱבוּ ψ 31:24 Am 5:15; אֱהָ֑בוּ Zc 8:19; inf. cstr. אֱהֹב Ec 3:8; אַהֲבָה Dt 10:12 +; אֲהֲבַת Mi 6:8 + etc.; cf. also sub n. אַהֲבָה" dir="rtl" >אהבה infr.; Pt. אֹהֵב (אוֹהֵב) Dt 10:18 + 26 times; f. cstr. אֲהֻבַת Ho 3:1 is prob. active cf. BaNB 174 ff; sf. אֹהֲבִי Is 41:8 etc.; f. אֹהֶ֫בֶת Gn 25:28; אֹהַ֫בְתִּי Ho 10:11 etc.; Pt. pass. אָהוּב Ne 13:26; אֲהוּבָה Dt 21:15(×2), 16.—love (mostly c. acc., sq. לִ + obj. Lv 19:18, 34 2 Ch 19:2 (late), sq. בְּ Ec 5:9; abs. Ec 3:8 & v. infr.), (affection both pure & impure, divine & human);— 1. human love to human object; abs., opp. hate שָׂנֵא Ec 3:8; of love to son Gn 22:2; 25:28; 37:3, 4; 44:20 (JE) Pr 13:24; so also 2 S 13:21 𝔊 Ew Th We, cf. Dr, of Dvd’s loving Amnon; never to parent, but mother-in-law Ru 4:15; of man’s love to woman; wife Gn 24:67; 29:20, 30 (cf. v 18) 32 (JE), also Dt 21:15(×2), 16 Ju 14:16 1 S 1:5 2 Ch 11:21 Est 2:17 Ho 3:1 Ec 9:9; but also Gn 34:3 (J) Ju 16:4, 15 2 S 13:1, 4, 15 (where of carnal desire) 1 K 11:1 cf. v 2 Ho 3:1; א׳ רֵעַ loving a paramour, v. BaNB 176; woman’s love to man 1 S 18:20 (so v 28 MT, but read וְכִי כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֹהֵב אֹתוֹ 𝔊 We Dr) Ct 1:3, 4, 7; 3:1, 2, 3, 4 (5 times subj. נַפְשִׁי; cf. also fig. of adulterous Judah Je 2:25 Is 57:8 Ez 16:37; of love of slave to master Ex 21:5 (JE) Dt 15:16; inferior to superior 1 S 18:22 cf. v 16; love to neighbour Lv 19:18 (וְאָהַבְתָּ לְרֵעְךָ כָּמוֹ֑ךָ), partic. to stranger Lv 19:34 (both P), Dt 10:18, 19; love of friend to friend 1 S 16:21; 18:1, 3; 20:17(×2) Jb 19:19 Pr 17:17 cf. 2 S 19:7(×2) 2 Ch 19:2; v. also Pr 9:8; 16:13 cf. 15:12; v. especially Pt. infr. 2. less often of appetite, obj. food, Gn 27:4, 9, 14 (JE) Ho 3:1; drink Pr 21:17; husbandry 2 Ch 26:10; cf. fig. of Ephraim Ho 10:11 sq. inf.; length of life ψ 34:13; of cupidity Ho 9:1 Is 1:23 Ec 5:9(×2); of love of sleep Pr 20:13 cf. fig. of sluggish watchmen (sq. inf.)Is 56:10; also c. obj. abstr. wisdom (personif.), knowledge, righteousness, etc. Pr 4:6; 8:17, 21; 12:1; 22:11; 29:3 Am 5:15 Mi 6:8 (inf. ‖ infinitives) Zc 8:19 cf. Pr. 19:8 קֹנֶה לֵב אֹהֵב נַפְשׁוֹ; obj. folly, evil, etc., Mi 3:2 ψ 4:3; 11:5; 52:5, 6; 109:17 Pr 1:22; 8:36 17:19(×2), cf. 18:21 Zc 8:17, w. כֵּן Je 5:3 Am 4:5†, sq. inf. Ho 12:8 Je 14:10, especially of idolatry Ho 4:18 (where del. הֵבוּ cf. KöI, p. 395) Je 8:2. 3. love to God Ex 20:6 (JE) elsewhere Hex only Dt 5:10; 6:5; 7:9 + 9 times Dt + Jos 22:5; 23:11; also Ju 5:31 1 K 3:3 Ne 1:5 Dn 9:4 especially in (late) ψ 31:24; 97:10; 116:1; 145:20, but usually sq. name, law, etc. of י׳ ψ 5:12; 26:8; 40:17; 69:37; 70:5; 119:47 + 11 times ψ 119; cf. Is 56:6; cf. also of love to Jerusalem Is 66:10 ψ 122:6. 4. especially Pt. אֹהֵב = (a) lover, La 1:2 (fig. of Jerus.); (b) friend Hiram of David 1 K 5:15, cf. Je 20:4, 6 Est 5:10, 14; 6:13 ψ 38:12 (‖ רֵעַ) so 88:19, & Pr 14:20; also 18:24; 27:6 Abr. of God Is 41:8 2 Ch 20:7. 5. of divine love (a) to individual men Dt 4:37 2 S 12:24 Pr 3:12; 15:9 ψ 146:8 Ne 13:26; (b) to people Israel, etc. Dt 7:8, 13; 23:6 Ho 3:1; 9:15 11:1; 14:5 1 K 10:9 2 Ch 2:10; 9:8 Is 43:4; 48:14 Je 31:3 Mal 1:2(×3) ψ 47:5; to Jerusalem ψ 78:68; 87:2; (c) to righteousness, etc. ψ 11:7; 33:5; 37:28; 45:8; 99:4 Is 61:8 Mal 2:11. †Niph. Pt. pl. הַנֶּאֱהָבִים 2 S 1:23 lovely, loveable of Saul & Jonath. (‖ הַנְּעִימִם). †Pi. Pt. pl. sf. מְאַהֲבַי (־בָ֑י) Ho 2:7 + 3 times; מְאַהֲבַיִךְ (־בָ֑יִךְ) Je 22:20 + 6 times; מְאַהֲבֶיהָ Ho 2:9 + 4 times 1. friends Zc 13:6; 2. lovers in fig. of adulter. Isr. Ho 2:7, 9, 12, 14, 15 Ez 23:5, 9; Judah Je 22:20, 22; 30:14 La 1:19 Ez 16:33, 36, 37; 23:22.

ἀγαπάω (Doric dialect ἀγαπ-έω Refs 4th c.BC+, Epic dialect aorist ἀγάπησαRefs 8th c.BC+: perfect ἠγάπηκαRefs 5th c.BC+ __I greet with affection (compare {ἀγαπάζω}), once in Refs 8th c.BC+, Od.[same place]:—in Trag. only show affection for the dead, ὅτ᾽ ἠγάπα νεκρούςRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be regarded with affection, ξένων εὐεργεσίαις ἀγαπᾶταιRefs 5th c.BC+:— generally, love, ὥσπερ.. οἱ ποιηταὶ τὰ αὑτῶν ποιήματα καὶ οἱ πατέρες τοὺς παῖδας ἀγαπῶσιRefs 5th c.BC+; ὡς λύκοι ἄρν᾽ ἀγαπῶσ᾽ poetical cited in Refs; ἐπιστήμην, τὰ χρήματα, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+; especially of children, αὐτὸν ἐτιθηνούμην ἀγαπῶσαRefs:—passive, Refs 5th c.BC+; so in LXX of the love of God for man and of man for God, LXX+NT implying regard rather than affection, but the two are interchanged,Refs 5th c.BC+; φιλεῖσθαι defined as ἀγαπᾶσθαι αὐτὸν δι᾽ αὑτόνRefs 4th c.BC+ to be fond of them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐρωτικὴν μέμψιν ἡ ἀγαπωμένη λύει uncertain in NT+3rd c.AD+ __I.2 persuade, entreat, LXX __I.3 caress, pet, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II of things, to be fond of, prize, desire, NT+5th c.BC+; prefer, τὰ Φιλίππου δῶρα ἀντὶ τῶν κοινῇ τοῖς Ἕλλησι συμφερόντωνRefs 4th c.BC+:—passive, λιθίδια τὰ ἀγαπώμενα highly prized, precious stones, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III to be well pleased, contented, once in Refs 8th c.BC+; frequently in Attic dialect, ἀγαπᾶν ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; more commonly, ἀ. εἰ.. to be well content if.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐὰνRefs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 with participle, ἀ. τιμώμενοςRefs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, οὐκ ἀ. τῶν ἴσων τυγχάνειν τοῖς ἄλλοιςRefs 5th c.BC+ __III.3 with dative of things, to be contented with, ἀ. τοῖς ὑπάρχουσιν ἀγαθοῖςRefs 5th c.BC+ __III.4 with accusative of things, tolerate, put up with, μηκέτι τὴν ἐλευθερίαν ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.5 rarely with genitive, ἵνα.. τῆς ἀξίας ἀγαπῶσιν may be content with the proper price, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.6 absolutely, to be content, ἀγαπήσαντεςRefs 4th c.BC+ __III.7 with infinitive, to be fond of doing, wont to do, like{φιλέω}, τοὺς Λυκίους ἀγαπῶντας τὸ τρίχωμα φορεῖν LXX+4th c.BC+

φῐλέω, Aeolic dialect φίλημμι Refs 7th c.BC+; 2nd pers. singular φίλησθα Ead.22; late 3rd.pers. plural φίλεισι Refs 2nd c.AD+: Boeotian dialect φίλειμι Hdn.Gr.Refsinfinitive φιλήμεναι Refs 8th c.BC+: Ionic dialect and Epic dialect imperfect φιλέεσκε Refsfuture φιλήσω, Epic dialect infinitive φιλησέμεν Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist 1 ἐφίλησα Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: perfect πεφίληκαRefs:—middle, poetical Refs aorist ἐφῑλάμη; 3rd.pers. singular ἐφίλατο, φίλατο, Refs 8th c.BC+; 3rd.pers. plural φίλαντο Refs 8th c.BC+; subjunctive φίλωνται Refs 8th c.BC+; but φίλατο as passive, Refs 3rd c.BC+; also participle φιλάμενος Refs —passive, future middle φιλήσομαι in passive sense, Refs 8th c.BC+: future 3 πεφιλήσομαι Refs 3rd c.BC+: aorist ἐφιλήθην Refs 5th c.BC+: Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἐφίληθεν Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect πεφίλημαι Refs 5th c.BC+; Doric dialect participle πεφιλᾱμένος Refs 3rd c.BC+. [ῐ exceptin the forms ἐφίλατο, φῑλατο, etc.]: (φίλος):— love, regard with affection, opposed to μισεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+; (on its relation to sexual love see below 3); of the love of gods for men, φ. δέ ἑ μητίετα Ζεύς Refs 8th c.BC+; πέρι γάρ μ᾽ ἐφίλει (of the love of the master for his swineherd) Refs 8th c.BC+; of love for a child reared, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὅσα θεοὶ ἀνθρώποις οὓς φιλοῦσιν [διδόασιν] Refs 1st c.BC+; οἱ φιλοῦντές τινα his friends, frequently in messages and letters, NT+1st c.BC+, etc.; φιλεῖν ἐμαυτήν, αὑτόν, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be beloved by one, ἐκ Διός Refs 8th c.BC+; τινι Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 treat affectionately or kindly, especially welcome, entertain a guest, Refs 8th c.BC+; θεὸς (i. e. Calypso) ἥ με.. ἐφίλει τε καὶ ἔτρεφεν Refs; τίς ἂν φιλέοντι μάχοιτ; who would quarrel with a kind host? Refs; etc.:—passive, παρ᾽ ἄμμι φιλήσεαι welcome shalt thou be in our house, Refs 8th c.BC+ __3 opposed to ἐρᾶν, τούτους μάλιστά φασι φιλεῖν ὧν ἂν ἐρῶσι regard with affection those for whom they have a passion, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰκὸς τὸ φιλεῖν τοὺς ἐρωμένους Refs 4th c.BC+; but φ. is used of lovers, ἥ γ᾽ Εὐρυμάχῳ μισγέσκετο καὶ φιλέεσκεν Refs 8th c.BC+; of the love of man for wife, ὅς τις ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς.. τὴν αὐτοῦ φιλέει (cherishes her) καὶ κήδεται ὡς καὶ ἐγὼ τὴν ἐκ θυμοῦ φίλεον Refs 8th c.BC+; τὴν αὐτὸς φιλέεσκεν loved and cherished as his wife, Refs; but ἐμὲ.. ἀτιμάζει, φιλέει δ᾽ ἀΐδηλον Ἄρηα (Hephaestus speaks of Aphrodite) Refs 8th c.BC+ __3.b of sexual intercourse, Refs 5th c.AD+ __4 show outward signs of love, especially kiss (not in Refs 8th c.BC+ kiss on the mouth, opposed to τὰς παρειὰς φιλέονται, NT+5th c.BC+ the kiss wherewith she kissed him, Refs 2nd c.BC+ —middle, τὰς παρειάς kiss each other's cheeks, Hdt. [prev. cited] __5 of things as objects of love, like, approve, σχέτλια ἔργα Refs 8th c.BC+; τὰς λευκοτάτας [μάζας] Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 of things as the subject, ἡσυχία δὲ φιλεῖ συμπόσιον Refs 5th c.BC+ __7 in making a request, οἶσθ᾽ ὁτιὴ φιλῶ σ᾽ ἐγώ, κἀμοὶ πιθόμενος ὑπαποκίνει τῆς ὁδοῦ Refs 5th c.BC+; so τί πράσσει Φηλικίων ὁ ἀγαθό; φιλῶ σε pray, how goes it with the worthy Felicio? Refs 3rd c.BC+ (but rather 'I speak as a true friend'). __II after Refs 8th c.BC+, with infinitive, love to do, be fond of doing, and so to be wont or used to do, φιλέει ὁ θεὸς τὰ ὑπερέχοντα κολούειν Refs 5th c.BC+; rarely with participle for infinitive, φιλεῖς δὲ δρῶσ᾽ αὐτὸ σφόδρα Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of things, events, etc., αὔρη ἀπὸ ψυχροῦ τινος φιλέει πνέειν Refs 5th c.BC+ of what usually happens, ἀπὸ πείρης πάντα ἀνθρώποισι φιλέει γίνεσθαι everything comes to man by experience, Refs 5th c.BC+; without γίγνεσθαι, οἷα δὴ φιλεῖ as is wont, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 impersonal, φιλέει δέ κως προσημαίνειν (i.e. ὁ θεός), εὖτ᾽ ἂν.. Refs 5th c.BC+; ὡς δὴ φιλεῖ.. λόγον ἔχειν ἀνθρώπους as it is usual for.., Refs 1st c.AD+

† [חָבַב] vb. love (NH Pi. id.; Arabic حَبَّ be loved; Ethiopic ተሐበበ amore alicujus incendi Di; Aramaic ܚܰܒ kindle, be set on fire, ܚܰܒܶܒ, חַבֵּב love, embrace, חוּבָּא bosom)— Qal Pt. אַף חֹבֵב עַמִּים Dt 33:3 (Di reads עַמּוֹ, cf. 𝔊).