Humility and Meekness

† III. [עָנָה] vb. be bowed down, afflicted (NH id.; MI Pi. ויענו l5, אענו l6; Assyrian enû, thwart, frustrate, do violence to; Arabic عنو, عَنَا be lowly, submissive, v. Rahlfsעָנִי und עָנָו in d. Psalmen (1892), 67 ff.; 𝔗 עַנִּי Pa. oppress; Syriac Ethpe. humble oneself, and deriv.);— Qal Pf. 1 s. עָנִיתִי ψ 116:10; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲנֶה Is 25:5; 31:4, etc.;— 1. be put down or become low, of song of triumph Is 25:5 (others as Hiph. he putteth down, ‖ תַּכְנִיעַ). 2. be depressed, downcast Is 31:4 (of lion; ‖ יֵחָ֑ת). 3. be afflicted ψ 116:10; 119:67; Zc 10:2. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נַעֲנֵיתִי ψ 119:107; Inf. cstr. לֵעָנֹת (perhaps read as Qal Ges§ 51 l) Ex 10:3; Pt. נַעֲנֶה 53:7; fs. נַעֲנָה 58:10;— 1. humble oneself מִפְּנֵי Ex 10:3. 2. be afflicted ψ 119:107 Is 53:7; 58:10. Piel. Pf. 3 ms. עִנָּה Dt 22:24 + 5 times; 2 ms. עִנִּיתָ ψ 88:8; 1 s. עִנֵּיתִי ψ 35:13, sf. וְעִנִּתִךְ consec. Na 1:12, etc.; Impf. יְעַנֶּה Jb 37:23, etc.; Imv. עַנּוּ Ju 19:24; Inf. abs. עַנֵּה Ex 22:22; cstr. עַנּוֹת Is 58:5 +, etc.; Pt. pl. sf. מְעַנַּיִךְ Is 60:14 Zp 3:19;— 1. humble, mishandle, afflict: individual Gn 16:6; 31:50 (J) Ex 22:21, 22(×2) (E) Jb 30:11; by imprisonment and bonds Ju 16:5, 6, 19 ψ 105:18; a nation by way or in bondage Gn 15:13 (J) Ex 1:11, 12; Nu 24:24(×2) (E) Dt 26:6; 1 S 12:8 (inserting וַיְעַנּוּם מִצְרַיִם, so 𝔊 Dr Bu Kit HPS (cf. Th We]), 2 S 7:10; 2 K 17:20 ψ 94:5; Is 60:14; Zp 3:19; dynasty of David ψ 89:23. 2. humble, a woman by cohabit., Gn 34:2 (J) Dt 21:14; 22:24, 29; Ju 19:24; 20:5 2 S 13:12, 14, 22, 32; Ez 22:10, 11; La 5:11. 3. afflict as a discipline (God agent) Dt 8:2, 3, 16; 1 K 11:39 ψ 88:8; 90:15; 119:75; Is 64:11 Na 1:12(×2) La 3:33. 4. humble, weaken, obj. כֹּחַ ψ 102:24; משׁפט Jb 37:23 (cf. Talm עִנָּה דִּין); נֶפֶשׁ oneself, by fasting Lv 16:29, 31; 23:27, 32; Nu 29:7 (P) ψ 35:13; Is 58:3, 5; by an oath Nu 30:14 (P). Pu. Pf. 1 s. עֻנֵּיתִי ψ 119:71; Impf. 3 fs. תְּעֻנֶּה Lv 23:29; Inf. cstr. sf. עֻנּוֹתוֹ ψ 132:1; Pt. מְעֻנֶּה Is 53:4;— 1. be afflicted, in discipline by God ψ 119:71; 132:1 Is 53:4. 2. be humbled by fasting Lv 23:29 (P). Hiph. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תַּעֲנֵם 1 K 8:35 = 2 Ch 6:26 afflict, in discipline. Hithp. Pf. 3 ms. הִתְעַנָּה 1 K 2:26; 2 ms. הִתְעַנִּיתָ v 26; Impf. 3 mpl. יִתְעַנּוּ ψ 107:17; Imv. הִתְעַנִּי Gn 16:9; Inf. cstr. הִתְעַנּוֹת Ez 8:21 Dn 10:12;— 1. humble oneself (c. תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ Gn 16:9 (J). 2. be afflicted, by men 1 K 2:26(×2) by God in discipline ψ 107:17. 3. humble oneself in fasting Ezr 8:21 Dn 10:12.

τᾰπεινός, ή, όν, low: __1 of Place, low-lying, χώρη Refs 5th c.BC+; νῆσος Refs 1st c.BC+; ταπεινὰ νέμεσθαι to live in low regions, Refs 5th c.BC+; of stature or size, low, ὀστᾶ Refs 5th c.BC+; of position in the body, τὰ τ. τοῦ θώρακος Refs 2nd c.AD+; of a river, low, opposed to μέγας, Refs 2nd c.BC+; of stars, low, i.e. near the horizon, Refs 2nd c.AD+; but also, near the earth, Refs; of the sun, opposed to ὑψηλός, Refs 2nd c.AD+; λοξὸς καὶ τ. Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 of persons, humbled, abased in power, pride, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; σὺ δ᾽ οὐδέπω τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; submissive, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ τ. τῶν πόλεων small, poor, weak, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. δύναμις Refs 4th c.BC+; of low intelligence, αἱ τῶν ἀσυνέτων καὶ τ. ἀνθρώπων ψυχαί Refs 2nd c.AD+ adverb, ταπεινῶς (or ταπεινὰ) πράττειν to be in low estate or obscurity, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 of the spirits, downcast, dejected, διάνοια Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 in moral sense, either bad, mean, base, abject, τ. καὶ ἀνελεύθερος Refs 5th c.BC+; or good, lowly, humble, Refs 5th c.BC+, frequently in NT, NT __5 of things, mean, low, poor, τ. καὶ ἄπορος δίαιτα Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative, -οτάτη περίστασις Refs 1st c.AD+; θεωρία -οτέρα, opposed to τιμιωτέρα, Refs 4th c.BC+; of style, low, poor, τ. λέξις, opposed to κεκοσμημένη, Refs adverb, -νῶς λέγειν in a submissive manner, Refs

τᾰπεινο-φροσύνη, ἡ, humility, NT; mean-spiritedness, Refs 1st c.AD+

† [צָנַע] vb. be modest, humble (perhaps proposes be retired, NH Hiph. keep close, reserve, preserve, so 𝔗 אַצְנַע; צְנִיעַ retiring, modest);— Hiph. Inf. abs. הַצְנֵעַ לֶכֶת Mi 6:8 a making humble to walk = shewing a humble walk (with God).

† [צָנוּעַ] adj. modest (on format. cf. BaBN § 31 d);—pl. צְנוּעִים Pr 11:2 (v. Toy; opp. זָדוֹן).