First Person Pronouns

הִנֵּה Once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr. part. lo! behold! (Arabic إِنَّ certainly, surely, lit. lo!), with sf. (the pron. being conceived as accus., Ew§ 262 c; cf. إِنَّ, which takes an accus., whether of a noun or pron. sf.) הִנְנִי Gn 6:13 + often (also הִנֶּ֣נִּי Gn 22:7), הִנֵּ֑נִי Gn 22:1, 11 +, (הִנֶּ֔נִּי Gn 27:18), †Is 65:1 הִנֵּ֣נִי הִנֵּ֔נִי (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי is also said Gn 24:13, 43; 25:32; 48:21 Ex 4:23; 7:17 +; and, more rarely, הִנֵּה אֲנִי Ez 37:5, 12, 19, 21 2 Ch 2:3, cf. 2 K 10:9 Je 32:27); הִנְּךָ Gn 20:3 + (†2 K 7:2 הִנְּכָה), הִנֶּ֑ךָּ †ψ139:8, fem. הִנָּךְ Gn 16:11 + 6 times; הִנּוֹ †Nu 23:17 Jb 2:6 1 Ch 11:25, הִנֵּ֫הוּ †Je 18:3 Kt (הִנֵּה הוּא is more usual, as Gn 20:16; 42:27; 1 S 10:22 Je 38:5 Ru 3:2): 1 pl. הִנְנוּ †Jos 9:25 2 S 5:1 Je 3:22 Ezr 9:15, הִנֶּ֫נּוּ †Gn 44:16; 50:18 Nu 14:40, הִנֵּ֑נוּ Jb 38:35; הִנְּכֶם †Dt 1:10 Je 16:12; הִנָּם Gn 40:6 + often (37 times)—lo! behold! a. pointing to persons or things, Gn 12:19 and now הִנֵּה אִשְׁתְּךָ behold thy wife! 18:9 הִנֵּה בָאֹהֶל behold (she is) in the tent (the suffix, when the noun to which הנה refers has immediately preceded, being not unfrequently omitted, 16:14: cf. Dr§ 135. 6, 2), 30:3; 31:51(×2) Ex 24:8 1 K 2:29. With sf. of 1 ps., especially in response to a call, indicating the readiness of the person addressed to listen or obey, Here I am! (lit. Behold me!) Gn 22:1, 7, 11; 27:1, 18; 31:11; 37:13; 46:2 Ex 3:4 1 S 3:4, 5, 6, 8, 16; 22:12 2 S 1:7 Is, 6:8, cf. 1 S 12:3 הִנְנִי עֲנוּ בִי here I am, answer against me, 14:43 (cf. Drp. 292), 2 S 15:26 (in resignation: cf. Gn 44:16; 50:18 Jos 9:25 Ezr 9:15): of God Is 52:6; 58:9; 65:1(×2) (repeated for emphasis). In the pl. הננו Nu 14:40 Je 3:22 Jb 38:35.—Emph. הִנְנִי אָ֕נִי Ez 34:11, 20, cf. 6:3. On הִנְנִי אֶל …, v. אֵל" dir="rtl" >אל 4, p. 40. b. introducing clauses involving predication: (a) with ref. to the past or present, it points generally to some truth either newly asserted, or newly recognised, Gn 1:29 behold! I have given to you all herbs etc. 17:20; 27:6 1 S 14:33 etc.; often one upon which some proposal or suggestion is to be founded, Ex 1:9 (cf. הן Gn 11:6) 1 S 20:2, 5; 2 K 5:20. When the proposal is to be of the nature of an entreaty or request, הִנֵּה־נָא is often used, instead of the simple הִנֵּה Gn 12:11; 16:2; 18:27 1 K 20:31; 22:13 al. (v. נָא). (b) with ref. to the future. Here it serves to introduce a solemn or important declaration Ex 32:34; 34:10 Is 7:14; and is used especially with the ptcp. (the fut. instans, Dr§ 135, 3) in predictions or threats, Gn 20:3 הִנְּךָ מֵת (lit.) behold thee (accus.) about to die, thou art about to die, Ex 4:23; 7:17; 9:3 Dt 31:16 1 S 3:11 1 K 20:35; 22:25 Is 3:1; 10:33; 17:1; 19:1; 22:17; 24:1 + often; in the phrase הנה ימים באים †1 S 2:31 2 K 20:17 = Is 39:6 Am 4:2; 8:11; 9:13 + Je 15 times; very often with the suffix of 1 ps. sg., as הִנְנִי מֵבִיא Behold, I bring (lit. behold me bringing, or about to bring) … Gn 6:17 Ex 10:4 & often, especially in Je; Gn 9:9 Ex 8:17; 9:18; 34:11 2 K 22:20 Is 13:17; 29:14; 43:19 Je 8:17; 11:22 (הִנְנִי פֹקֵד; so 23:2 +) 16:16; 20:4, etc.; anomalously, with change of person, Is 28:16 הִנְנִי יִסַּד (according to points) behold me, one who has founded, 29:14 הִנְנִי יוֹסִף behold me, one who will add (so 38:5); but it is dub. whether the ptcp. יֹסֵד, יוֹסֵף should not be read. c. וְהִנֵּה … very freq. in historical style, especially (but not exclusively) after verbs of seeing or discovering, making the narrative graphic and vivid, and enabling the reader to enter into the surprise or satisfaction of the speaker or actor concerned: Gn 1:31 and behold, it was very good, 6:12; 8:13; 15:12; 18:2; 37:29 Ex 2:6 Dt 9:13 etc.: in the description of a dream Gn 37:7, 9; 40:9, 16; 41:1, 2, 3 Is 29:8, or of a vision Am 7:1, 4; 8:1 etc. With a ptcp. (the context fixing the sense to the past), Gn 24:30; 37:15 (both without suffix); Ju 9:43; 11:34 1 K 19:5, 11 +. d. like II. הֵן (b), nearly = if (rare): Lv 13:5, 6, 8, 10 (& elsewhere in this and the next ch.) וְהִנֵּה and behold = and if, Dt 13:15 and 17:4 וְהִנֵּה אֱמֶת and behold it is true = and if it be true, 19:18 1 S 20:12; cf. 1 S 9:7 2 S 18:11 Ho 9:6; with ו׳ in apod. 2 K 10:9.

† אֲנוּ pron. 1 pl. comm. we (common in postB. Heb.; cf. also Amh. እና ) pl. of אֲנִי (WSG 98), only Je 42:6 Kt. (אֲנַחְנוּ Qr).

אָֽנֹכִ֫י, אָנֹ֑כִי (once Jb 33:9 אָֽנֹכִ֑י) pron. 1 s. comm. I; Gn 3:10; 7:4; 15:1, 2; 16:5 + often With הֲ, הֶאָנֹכִי †Nu 11:12 Jb 21:4. (Assyrian anâku, Ph. & Moab. אנך: not in Arabic Aramaic Ethiopic; but ku appears as the affix of the 1 s. in the Ethiopic verb (e.g. waladkū = Heb. יָלַדְתִּי). אָנֹכִי and אֲנִי appear to be two parallel formations (both containing the element ani [cf. the sf. -نِيَ, -נִי] or ana, & one strengthened by the addition of the demonst. basis ku [prob. akin to ܟܳܐ כָּא, כֹּה here]: cf. Sta§ 179 WSG 95 f. 98–101), of which, in most of the Sem. languages, one prevailed to the exclusion of the other, but which in Heb. maintained their place side by side.) In some cases אני and אנכי appear capable of being used indifferently; in others the choice seems to have been determined, partly by rhythmical considerations, partly by a growing preference for אֲנִי among later writers. Thus when appended to the verb for emph. (whether with or without גַּם) the lighter form אֲנִי is nearly always used (Lv 20:5; 26:24, 32; Dt 12:30; Ju 1:3; 8:23; 2 S 12:28; 17:15; 18:2, 22; Je 17:18; 21:5; Ez 17:22; Jb 13:2 +; cf. the cases Gn 27:34 1 S 25:24 2 S 19:1 1 K 1:26 Pr 23:15); on the contrary, in the emph. rhetorical style of Dt, אָנֹכִי is preferred (in the discourses, uniformly, except 12:30, in acc. with usage just noted, & 29:5 in a standing expression; on 32:49, 52 (P) cf. infr.) In partic. phrases, also, usage prefers sometimes. אני, sometimes אנכי; thus there occurs חַי־אָנִי Nu 14:21 & always, except Dt 32:40; (אָ֑נִי) אִתְּךָ אֲנִי Je 1:8, 19; 30:11; 46:18; Is 43:2, 5); אֲנִי יהוה Ex 6:2, 6–8 & elsewhere in P, & especially freq. in H (Lv 18:2, 4, 6 etc.) & Ez, also Gn 15:7; 28:13; Dt 29:5 Ju 6:10 +; (אנכי יהוה much less freq.; only JE & proph. writers, †Ex 20:2 = Dt 5:6, Ho 12:10; 13:4 ψ 81:11, Ex 20:5 = Dt 5:9, Is 43:11; 44:24; 51:15 (Ex 4:11 is diff.) cf. DrJPh. xi. 224 f.); אני אמרתי Is 38:10; (Hez.) 49:4; Je 5:4; 10:19 (3:19 אנכי) Ru 4:4 ψ 30:7; 31:23; 41:5; 82:6 +; ויאמר אָ֑נִי (in reponse to a qu.) Gn 27:24 Ju 13:11 2 S 20:17 1 K 13:14; 18:8 (וי׳ אנכי only 2 S 2:20; on the contrary, with a predicate, אָנֹכִי is regularly employed, Gn 24:34 1 S 30:13 2 S 1:8 עֲמָלֵקִי אָנֹ֑כִי 11:5; 20:17; Is 6:5; Je 1:6; Jon 1:9); (הִנְנִי) וַאֲנִי הִנֵּה Gn 6:17; 9:9; Ex 31:6; Nu 3:12 + (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי Gn 24:13, 43; 25:32; Ex 3:13; 19:9 +; הִנֵּה אֲנִי is very uncommon; v. ib. 226). So far as the usage of partic. books is concerned, in the Pent. (except Dt) אֲנִי is used in P (incl. H) always (about 130 times) except Gn 23:4 (cf. Ez below); in JE אנכי is preferred, though not exclusively (81: 48). In S there are 50 instances of each form. Je has some 54 instances of אני, 37 of אנכי. In later books the preponderance of אֲנִי is evident. Thus in Ez אני occurs 138 times, אנכי once 36:28 (perhaps a reminiscense of Je 11:4b; 24:7; 30:22); in La Hg Ezr Est Ec אני 45 times, אנכי never; in Ch אני 30 times, אנכי once 1 Ch 17:1 (from 2 S 7:2); in Dn אני 23 times, אנכי once 10:11. Vid. more fully GiesebrechtZAW 1881, 251–8 Drl.c. 222–7.

κἀγώ [ᾱ], Attic dialect crasis for καὶ ἐγώ.

ἐμός, ή, όν, possessive pronoun of 1st pers.: (ἐγώ, ἐμοῦ):— mine; contraction with the Article, οὑμός, τοὐμόν, τοὐμοῦ, τὠμῷ, τἀμά, Trag. (not Comedy texts, τἀμὰ γὰρ διοίχεται is paratragoedia in Refs 5th c.BC+, rarely in Prose, οὑμός Refs 5th c.BC+; οὑμός even in Refs 8th c.BC+; and (accusative to some Grammars ) τὠμῷ Refs 8th c.BC+:—poetry ἀμός (which see): __I with a substantive: __I.1 subjectively, mine, of me, ἐμὰ δάκρυα Refs 8th c.BC+; χεῖρες ἐμαίRefs 8th c.BC+: with the Article, τὸν ἐμὸν χόλον Refs 8th c.BC+: in Poets sometimes joined with genitive, to strengthen the possessive notion, ἐμὸν αὐτοῦ mine own,Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.1.b mine, i.e. favourable to me, τεκμήρια ἐμά, οὐ τούτων Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 objectively, relating to me, against me, ἐμὴ ἀγγελίη Refs 8th c.BC+; τὴν ἐμὴν αἰδῶ respect for me, Refs 4th c.BC+; τἀμὰ νουθετήματα warnings to me, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὠμῷ πόθῳ by love for me, Refs; αἱ ἐμαὶ διαβολαί slanders against me, Refs 5th c.BC+; δωρεὰ ἐμή a gift to me, Refs 5th c.BC+; sometimes with another genitive added, τὰς ἐμὰς Λαΐου διαφθοράς murder of L. by me, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὐμὸν αἷμα πατρός his blood shed by me, Refs; τὰ ἐμὰ δῶρα Κύπριδος (Dind. for Κύπρις) her gifts to me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II without a substantive, mine, οὐ γὰρ ἐμὸν παλινάγρετον my word, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὸ μὲν ἐμόν [ἐστι] 'tis my counsel, Refs 5th c.BC+: in Trag. and Prose, it is my duty, my business, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 ἐμοί my friends, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὁ ἐμὸς Ἡράκλειτος my dear Heraclitus, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 τὰ ἐμά my property, Refs 5th c.BC+; of children, Refs 5th c.BC+; of servants. Refs 3rd c.BC+; but also τὰ ἐμά or τὸ ἐμόν, my part, my affairs, my interest, οὕτω τὸ ἐμὸν ἔχει things stand thus with me, Refs 5th c.BC+: hence in Trag. and Attic dialect, my conduct (almost periphrastic for ἐγώ), Refs 5th c.BC+ for my part, as far as concerns me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 ἡ ἐ. (i.e. γῆ) my country, Refs 5th c.BC+; also (i.e. γνώμη) my opinion, ἐὰν ἡ ἐ. νικᾷ Refs 5th c.BC+; κατά γε τὴν ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+

† אֲנָה pr. 1 s. i (= Heb. אֲנִי, q.v.: Zenj. Cilic. Egyptian Aramaic אנה (Cooke 182. 194. 202; S-Coften), Nab … נה (Lzb 221); 𝔗 אנא, Syriac ܐܶܢܳܐ );—I, Dn 2:30; 4:6, 27; 5:16, before a ptcp. 3:25; 4:34, after a ptcp. (K§ 76, 2 b) 2:8 מִן־יַצִּיב יָדַע אֲנָה, v 23 4:4; sq. a n.pr. 4:1 אֲנָה נבוכדנצר שְׁלֵה הֲוֵית, v 15, 34; 7:15; Ezr 6:12; 7:21, as nom. pendens, Dn 4:31; 7:28; emphasizing a sf. (K§ 87, 3) 7:15; Ezr 7:21 (cf.S-C B 8, J 12, K 3. 5).

† אֲנָא Dn 2:8; Ezr 6:12; 7:21 in common edd.: v. אֲנָה.