Feeding and Nourishing

† [כּוּל] vb. comprehend, contain (NH, Aramaic id., measure, measure out, of dry or liquid measure; Syriac Aph. ܐܰܟܻܝܠ id.; Arabic كَالَ measure grain)— Qal Pf. only Is 40:12 מִי … כָּל בְּשָׁלִשׁ עֲפַר הָאָרֶץ who hath comprehended the dust of the earth in a shalish-measure? Pilp. Pf. כִּלְכֵּל 2 S 19:33; sf. כִּלְכְּלָם 1 K 18:4; 2 ms. sf. כִּלְבַּלְתָּם Ne 9:21, etc.; Impf. יְכַלְכֵּל Zc 11:16 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. כַּלְכֵּל Je 20:9 +, etc.; Pt. מְכַלְכֵּל Mal 3:2;—sustain, maintain, contain: 1. sustain, support, nourish, sq. acc. pers. Gn 45:11; 50:21 (both E), 2 S 19:33, 34; 20:3 1 K 4:7a (v b abs.), 5:7; 17:4, 9 Ne 9:21 Ru 4:15 ψ 55:23 Zc 11:16 (of sheep); sq. acc. pers. + rei (food) Gn 47:12 (J), 1 K 18:4, 13. 2. contain, sq. acc. pers. 1 K 8:27 2 Ch 2:5; 6:18 (heavens cannot contain י׳); hold in, restrain Yahweh’s word within one, Je 20:9. 3. support, endure, sickness רוּחַ אִישׁ יְכַל׳ מַחֲלֵ֑הוּ Pr 18:14 Mal 3:2 (obj. אֶת־יוֹם בּוֹאוֹ); of sustaining a cause, in court, יְכַל׳ דְּבָרָיו בְּמִשְׁפָּט ψ 112:5. Polp. Pf. 3 pl. כָּלְכְּלוּ were supplied with food 1 K 20:27 (Klo proposes בַּגִּלְבֹּעַ) Hiph. Impf. יָכִיל 1 K 7:26 + 2 times etc.; Inf. cstr. הָכִיל Je 6:11 + 5 times;—contain, hold, hold in, endure; 1. contain, sq. acc. (of liquid) 1 K 7:26, 38 2 Ch 4:5; in fig. Je 2:13, abs. Ez 23:32; (of burnt-offering) 1 K 8:64 2 Ch 7:7; hold in (wrath of י׳, obj. not expr.), Je 6:11 (opp. שָׁפַךְ); on Ez 21:33 v. אָכַל" dir="rtl" >אָכַל. 2. sustain, endure, sq. acc. Am 7:10 Je 10:10 Jo 2:11.

τρέφω, Refs 8th c.BC+; Doric dialect τράφω (see. entry); 1st pers. singular optative τρέφοιν Refs 5th c.BC+: future θρέψω Refsaorist 1 ἔθρεψα, Epic dialect θρέψα Refs 8th c.BC+aorist 2 ἔτρᾰφον (see. infr. B): perfect τέτροφα intransitive, Refs 8th c.BC+ —middle, future θρέψομαι in passive sense, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐθρεψάμην Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—passive, future τρᾰφήσομαι Ps.-Refs 4th c.BC+, etc., but in early writers in middle form θρέψομαι (see. above): aorist 1 ἐθρέφθην, Epic dialect θρέφθη Refs 8th c.BC+, rare in Trag. and Attic dialect, Refs 6th c.BC+aorist 2 ἐτράφην [ᾰ] Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἔτραφεν, τράφεν, Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect τέθραμμαι Refs 5th c.BC+; 2nd pers. plural τέθραφθε Refs 5th c.BC+ [assuming variant] in Refs 5th c.BC+; infinitive τεθράφθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __I thicken or congeal a liquid, γάλα θρέψαι curdle it, Refs 8th c.BC+; τρέφε (imperfect) πίονατυρόν Refs 3rd c.BC+ —passive, with perfect active τέτροφα, curdle, congeal, γάλα τρεφόμενον τυρὸν ἐργάζεσθαι Refs 8th c.BC+ __II usually, cause to grow or increase, bring up, rear, especially of children bred and brought up in a house, ὅ σ᾽ ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα Refs 8th c.BC+ bring up in a certain way, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, rear for oneself, θρέψαιό τε φαίδιμον υἱόν Refs 8th c.BC+:—passive, to be reared, grow up, ὅς μοι τηλύγετος τρέφεται θαλίῃ ἔνι πολλῇ Refs 8th c.BC+; κάρτιστοι τράφεν ἀνδρῶν grew up the strongest men, Refs:—properly a boy was called τρεφόμενος only so long as he remained in the charge of the women, i. e. till his fifth year, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξ ὅτου 'τράφην ἐγώ from the time when I left the nursery, Refs 5th c.BC+; but even of pre-natal growth, ἐν σκότοισινηδύος τεθραμμένη Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅπως πατρὸς δείξεις οἷος ἐξ οἵου τράφηςRefs true nurslings of your mothers, implying a reproach for unmanliness (assuming variant), Refs 4th c.BC+; μιᾶς τρέφει πρὸς νυκτός art nursed by night alone, i. e. art blind, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of slaves, cattle, dogs and the like, rear and keep them, κύνας Refs 8th c.BC+; λέοντος ἶνιν (see. σίνις) Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ τρέφοντες (i.e. τοὺς ἐλέφαντας) the keepers, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. [ἑταίραν], [πόρνας], keep.., Refs 4th c.BC+; ὁ τρέφων one's master, Refs 4th c.BC+ he keeps a sea-beach in the house, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be bred, reared, δοῦλος οὐκ ὠνητός, ἀλλ᾽ οἴκοι τραφείς Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν τῇ σῇ οἰκίᾳ γέγονεν καὶ τέθραπται was born and bred, Refs 5th c.BC+; Ἀγαθῖνον θρεμένον (i. e. τεθρεμμένον, ={θρεπτόν}, see at {θρεπτός} Refs 2nd c.AD+; Νείκην τὴν θρεμένην μου Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.3 tend, cherish, τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ φίλεόν τε καὶ ἔτρεφον, of Calypso, Refs 8th c.BC+; of plants, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.4 of parts of the body, let grow, cherish, foster, χαίτην.. Σπερχειῷ τρέφε Refs 8th c.BC+; τ. κόμην, ={κομᾶν}, Refs 5th c.BC+ things which put fat on swine, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.5 in Poets, of earth and sea, breed, produce, teem with, οὐδὲν ἀκιδνότερον γαῖα τ. ἀνθρώποιο Refs 8th c.BC+; ὃν πόντος τ., i. e. the sailors, Refs 5th c.BC+: rare in Prose, ἀεί τι ἡ Αιβύη τρέφει καινόν Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.6 in Poets also, simply, have within oneself, contain, ὅ τι καὶ πόλις τέτροφεν ἄφιλον Refs 5th c.BC+; τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχαιτέραν to keep his tongue more quiet, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἵας λατρείας.. τρέφει what services.. she has as her lot, Refs; ἐν ἐλπίσιν τρέφω.. ἥξειν I cherish hopes that.., Refs; τὸν Καδμογενῆ τρέφει.. βιότου πολύπονον [πέλαγος] is his daily lot, Refs; πόνοι τρέφοντες βροτούς Refs 5th c.BC+ __III maintain, support, τ. ἀνδρὸς μόχθος ἡμένας ἔσω Refs 5th c.BC+; γάλακτι, τυρῷ, κρέασι τ., Refs; σίτῳ, ὄψῳ, Refs; feed a patient, Refs 2nd c.AD+; provide the food for an employee, σοῦ τρέφοντος αὐτόν, ἐμοῦ δὲ ἱματίζοντος αὐτόν Refs 2nd c.AD+; also τ. ἀπό τινος Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 maintain an army or fleet, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τὰς ναῦς Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τὸ ναυτικὸν ἀπὸ τῶν νήσωνRefs __III.3 of land, feed, maintain one, τρέφει γὰρ οὗτος [ὁ ἀγρὸς].. με Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.4 of women, feed or suckle an infant, συνεξομοιοῦται τὰ τρεφόμενα ταῖς τρεφούσαις Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἡ τρέφουσα, ={ἡ τροφός}, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.5 of food, nourish, τὰ Ἡρακλεωτικὰ τρέφει οὐχ ὁμοίως τοῖς ἀμυγδάλοις Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV bring up, rear, educate, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἡ θρέψασα (i.e. γῆ) the motherland, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, ἐθρέψω Ξέρξην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἤθεσιν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ θρεψαμένη one's motherland, Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, ὀρθῶς, εὖ τραφῆναι, Refs 5th c.BC+; παιδείᾳ, ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ παιδείᾳ τ., Refs 5th c.BC+ __V the passive sometimes came to mean little more than to be, ἐπ᾽ ἐμοὶ πολέμιον ἐτράφη (i.e. τὸ γένος) Refs 5th c.BC+ __B Refs 8th c.BC+aorist 2 active ἔτραφον in passive sense (which is to τρέφομαι, τέτροφα (intransitive) as ἔδρακον to δέρκομαι, δέδορκα, etc.), ὃς.. ἔτραφ᾽ ἄριστος Refs 8th c.BC+; τραφέμεν (Epic dialect for τραφεῖν)Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐπεὶ τράφ᾽ ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ, i. e. when he was well-grown, Refs 8th c.BC+:—as transitive the aorist 2 is used by Refs 8th c.BC+imperfect:—ἐτράφην is perhaps post-Homeric; 3rd.pers. singular τράφη is see reading in Refs 8th c.BC+ (περ) variants in Refs; 3rd.pers. plural ἔτραφεν Refs 8th c.BC+; τράφεν in all codices of Refs 8th c.BC+: the vox nihili ἐτράφεμεν, found in Refs 8th c.BC+ as cited by Refs 4th c.BC+:—the reduplicate 3rd.pers. singular τέτραφ᾽ Refs 8th c.BC+, 3rd.pers. plural τέτραφεν Refs, are ff. lines, though found in many codices Later this aorist became obsolete, except in Epic dialect imitators, as in Refs 3rd c.BC+

ἀνατρέφω, bring up, cherish, educate, NT+4th c.BC+; ἀ. τὸ φρόνημα raise the spirit, Refs 5th c.BC+ —middle, ἀναθρέψασθαι υἱόν have him educated, Refs 2nd c.BC+:— passive, grow up, ἀνατραφῆναι ἐν..Refs 1st c.AD+; ἀνέτραφες in Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 feed up, opposed to ἰσχναίνω, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἀνατρέφεσθαι ἐκ νόσου convalesce, Refs 5th c.BC+; of fish after milting, Refs 4th c.BC+

ἐκτρέφω, bring up from childhood, rear up, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκτεθραμμένοι σκύμνοι λεόντων true-bred.., Refs 5th c.BC+; of plants, τὸ ἐκτρέφον τὴν ῥίζαν Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, rear up for oneself, τινά Refs; ἤνεγκα κἀξέσωσα κἀξεθρεψάμην, says the παιδαγωγός, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, εἴ σοί τις υἱός ἐστιν ἐκτεθραμμένος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II middle, of pregnant animals, nourish, [ζῷα] μεγάλα ἐντὸς ἐκθρέψωνται Refs 5th c.BC+:—active, bring to birth, τὰ κυήματα Refs 4th c.BC+

ψωμ-ίζω, future Attic dialect -ιῶLXX:—feed by putting little bits into the mouth, as nurses do to children, Refs 5th c.BC+; or sick people, Refs —passive, ἐπίσταμαι γὰρ.., οἷς ψωμίζεται with what tit-bits he is fed, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II give food by hand, σῖτον οὐδ᾽ ἐάν τις ψωμίζῃ δύνανται καταπιεῖν Refs 4th c.BC+; bestow for food, ψ. πάντα τὰ ὑπάρχοντα NT __II.2 bait, ἄγκιστρον Refs

ἐντρέφω, poetry ἐνιτ-, ={τρέφω ἐν}, bring up or train in, τέκνα Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, φυτὰ ἐνθρέψασθαι Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, to be raised or bred in, γυμνάσια οἷσιν ἐνετράφην Refs 5th c.BC+; ποιήμασι, ἤθει, NT+1st c.AD+

† I. אָמְנָה n.f. bringing up, nourishment, Est 2:20.

† [זוּן] vb. feed (NH. Biblical Aramaic id.; Syriac ࠆࠄࠍ );— Hoph. Pt. סוּסִים מוזנים Je 5:8 (Kt; i.e. מוּזָנִים; Qr מְיֻזָּנִים from יזן q.v.) well-fed horses, fig. of adulteres; DlPr 73 f. comp. Assyrian zanânu, be full (i.e. of sexual desire).

† [זוּן] vb. feed (𝔗 זוּן; Syriac ܙܳܢ; cf. BH);— Hithpe. be fed: Impf. יִתְּזִין (K§ 45, 1 d); so in Syriac WCG 254 NöLCB, 1896, 703) Dn 4:9, מִן of source.