Dominion and Rule

† מֶמְשָׁלָה n.f. rule, dominion, realm (cf. DrJPhil. xi. 1882, 215);—abs. מ׳ Mi 4:8; cstr. מֶמְשֶׁ֫לֶת ψ 136:8 (before בְּ Ges§ 130, 1 Köii 182), Je 34:1 + 2 times; sf. מֶמְשַׁלְתְּךָ Is 22:21 ψ 145:13; מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ 1 K 9:19 + 6 times; pl. cstr. מֶמְשְׁלוֹת ψ 136:9; sf. מַמְשְׁלוֹתָיו ψ 114:2;— 1. rule, dominion (human) Is 22:21 Mi 4:8; וְכָל־מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ עִמּוֹ 2 Ch 32:9 and all his imperial might with him (i.e. display of might—soldiers, court, luxury, etc.; of Sennach.); כֹּל אֶרֶץ מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ 1 K 9:19 = 2 Ch 8:6, Je 51:28, מַמְלְכוֹת אֶרֶץ מֶמְשֶׁלֶת יָדוֹ Je 34:1; hence מ׳ alone = realm, domain 2 K 20:13 = Is 39:2, Dn 11:5. 2. rule of heavenly bodies לִמְשׁ׳ הַיּוֹם Gn 1:16 the sun for the rule of the day, cf. v 16; also sq. בְּ ψ 136:8, 9. 3. God’s rule, dominion: ψ 145:13 (‖ מַלְכוּת), כָּל־מְקֹמוֹת מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ 103:22; pl. = realm הָֽיְתָה יְהוּדָה לְקָדְשׁ֑וֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל מַמְשְׁלוֹתָֽיו׃ 114:2.

† שָׁלְטָן (K§ 61, 3, Beisp. α)) n.m. Dn 7:6 dominion;—שׁ׳ abs. Dn 7:6, 14, cstr. 6:27 +; emph. שָׁלְטָנָא 7:27; sf. שָׁלְטָנָךְ 4:19, -נֵהּ 3:33 +, -נְהוֹן 7:12; pl. emph. שָׁלְטָנַיָּא 7:27;— 1. dominion, sovereignty (usually of God): Dn 3:33; 4:19, 31(×2) 6:27b 7:6, 12, 14(×3), 26, 27(×2). 2. realm 6:27a. שִׁלְטוֹן v. p. 1127.

† מִמְשָׁל n.[m.] dominion, ruler (late);—abs. מ׳ Dn 11:3, 5; pl. הַמִּמְשָׁלִים 1 Ch 26:6;— 1. מ׳ רב great dominion Dn 11:3 (acc. cogn. c. מָשַׁל), v 5 (pred. of מֶמְשַׁלְתּוֹ). 2. abstr. for concr. (pl.) = rulers 1 Ch 26:6 (? read הַמּשְׁלִים).

† II. [מֹ֫שֶׁל] n.[m.] dominion;—sf. מָשְׁלוֹ מִיָּם עַד־יָם Zc 9:10 (of Mess. king); כְּמָשְׁלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָשָׁ֑ל Dn 11:4 (of Alexander).

† מִשְׂרָה n.f. rule, dominion;—Is 9:5, 6.

ἡγεμον-ία, ἡ, leading the way, going first, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῇ τῶν δυναστευόντων ἡ. by their example, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II authority, rule, of dynasties or nations, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a general or officer, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἡ. τῶν Ἰώνων τοῦ πολέμου Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ κατὰ πόλεμον ἡ., τῶν πολεμικῶν ἡ ἡ., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ. δικαστηρίου presidency in a court, Refs 4th c.BC+; headship of a philosophical school, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.2 political supremacy, ἡ ἡ. τῆς 'Ελλάδος Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἐν 'Αρείῳ πάγῳ βουλὴ οὐδενὶ δόγματι λαβοῦσα τὴν ἡ.Refs; political leadership of an individual, Refs __II.2.b = Latin imperium, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τριῶν τῶν μεγίστων ἡ. Refs 1st c.AD+; reign of an Emperor, NT; office of prefect, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III military unit, regiment, Refs 2nd c.BC+; but αἱ μείζονες ἡ. the higher commands, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV chief thing, principal part, ἡ. τῆς τέχνης Refs 4th c.BC+ __V a principality, LXX; a Roman governorship, ἡ 'Ιλλυρίδος ἡ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; tenure of office of a governor, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἡ Ἡ. the Government, Refs 3rd c.AD+

† [מִשְׁטָר] n.m. rule, authority;—sf. מִשְׁטָרוֹ Jb 38:33 (of heavens over earth).