Dog Animal

† כֶּ֫לֶב n.m. 1 S 24:15 dog (NH id.; Ph. כלב; Aramaic כַּלְבָּא, ܟܰܠܒܳܐ; Arabic كَلْبٌ; Ethiopic ከልብ: Assyrian kalbu DlHWB 328)—abs. כ׳ Ju 7:5 + 16 times, כָּ֑לֶב ψ 59:7, 15; pl. כְּלָבִים 1 K 14:11 + 12 times; cstr. כַּלְבֵי Jb 30:1; sf. כְּלָבֶיךָ ψ 68:24;—dog: a. lit. 1 K 14:11; 16:4; 21:19(×2), 23, 24; 22:38; 2 K 9:10, 36 (all of fierce, hungry dogs, devouring dead bodies and licking blood); cf. Je 15:3 and (לְשׁוֹךָ כְּלָבֶיךָ) ψ 68:24; eating torn flesh, Ex 22:30 (E), כַּלְבֵי צֹאנִי = my sheep-dogs, only Jb 30:1 (in both these with implied inferiority); dog-sacrifice was a heathen rite Is 66:3 (Di al.); v. especially RSSem i. 273 (291), 325 (343); in various sim. Ju 7:5; Pr 26:11, 17 ψ 59:7, 15; in proverbial sayings: לֹא יֶחֱרַץ־כ׳ לִשֹׁנוֹ Ex 11:7 (v. I. חרץ); לְכ׳ חַי הוּא טוֹב מִן־הָאַרְיֵה הַמֵּת Ec 9:4. b. applied, fig., to men, in contempt 1 S 17:43, so of psalmist’s enemies ψ 22:17, 21, or in excessive humility 2 K 8:13; still more emphatically כ׳ מֵת a dead dog, הַכּ׳ הַמֵּת 2 S 9:8; 16:8; also רֹאשׁ כ׳ 3:8; כְּלָבִים אִלְּמִים Is 56:10 (of misleading prophets), הַכּ׳ עַזֵּי נֶפֶשׁ v 11 (id.); כ׳ was name given to male temple-prostitutes Dt 23:19 (v. Dr; cf. קָדֵשׁ).

κύων [ῠ], ὁ and ἡ, both in Refs 8th c.BC+, vocative κύον Refs 8th c.BC+, Epic dialect κύνεσσι Refs:—dog, bitch, Refs 8th c.BC+; of shepherds' dogs, Refs 8th c.BC+; watch-dogs, Refs; but in Refs 8th c.BC+ more frequently of hounds, Refs 8th c.BC+; later, when of hounds, mostly in feminine, Refs 5th c.BC+; Μολοττικαὶ κ. Alexis Hist. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+ 'not fit for a dog', Refs 4th c.BC+; κύνα δέρειν δεδαρμένην 'flog a dead horse', Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ κ. κατακειμένη ἐν τῇ φάτνῃ 'dog in the manger', Refs 2nd c.AD+; χαλεπὸν χορίω κύνα γεῦσαι it's ill to let a dog 'taste blood', Refs 3rd c.BC+; νή or μὰ τὸν κύνα was a favourite oath of Socrates, Refs 5th c.BC+; used familiarly at Athens, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἷς ἦν μέγιστος ὅρκος.. κύων, ἔπειτα χήν· θεοὺς δ᾽ ἐσίγων, of primitive men, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II as a word of reproach, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+ of women, to denote shamelessness or audacity; applied by Helen to herself, Refs 8th c.BC+: of the maids in the house of Odysseus, Refs 8th c.BC+: later, in a coarse sense, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ῥαψῳδὸς κ., of the Sphinx, Refs 5th c.BC+; of men, κακαὶ κ. Refs 8th c.BC+; also of offensive persons, compared to yapping dogs, LXX+NT; κ. λαίθαργος, ={λαθροδήκτης}, metaphorically, of a person, NT+5th c.BC+ __II.2 metaphorically, of persons, watch-dog, guardian, τῶν σταθμῶν κ., of Agamemnon, Refs 4th c.BC+; δωμάτων κ., of Clytemnestra,Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 of the Cynics, ἀρέσκει τούτοις κυνῶν μεταμφιέννυσθαι βίον Refs 1st c.BC+: hence, Cynic philosopher, Refs 4th c.BC+, Baillet Inscriptions des tombeaux des rois Refs __III frequently in Mythology of the servants, agents or watchers of the gods, Διὸς πτηνὸς κύων, of the eagle, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the griffins, Ζηνὸς ἀκραγεῖς κ. Refs 4th c.BC+; of the Furies, μετάδρομοι.. πανουργημάτων ἄφυκτοι κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; Pan is the κύων of Cybele, Refs 5th c.BC+, of the planets, Refs 4th c.BC+, of sparks, Refs 2nd c.AD+; of various mythical beings, as Cerberus, κ. Ἀΐδαο Refs 8th c.BC+; of Hecate, in Mithraic worship, Refs 3rd c.AD+; of the Βάκχαι, Λύσσας κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; Λέρνας κ., of the hydra, Refs; of a great fish, Τρίτωνος κ. Refs 3rd c.BC+ __IV dog-fish or shark, Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἄγριος, κ. γαλεός and κ. κεντρίτης or κεντρίνη, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ξιφίας κ., of the sword-fish, Refs 4th c.BC+ __V = {σείριος} (which see), dog-star, i.e. the hound of Orion, Refs 8th c.BC+; μετὰ κυνὸς ἐπιτολήν, περὶ κ. ἐ., Refs 4th c.BC+; also of the whole constellation, Refs 4th c.BC+ __VI the ace, the worst throw at dice, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __VII frenum praeputii, Refs 2nd c.AD+: with pun on the proverbial cited in Pherecr. [prev. cited] (above Refs 5th c.BC+: with pun on significationsee, Refs __VIII fetlock of a horse, Refs __IX unilateral facial paralysis, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __X ={ἀπομαγδαλία}, Refs 1st c.AD+ __XI ξυλίνη κ., ={κυνόσβατος}, Oracle texts cited in Did cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+ __XII piece in the game of πόλεις, Refs 5th c.BC+. (Cf. Sanskrit śvā, genitive śúnas, Lithuanian šuõ, genitive šuñs, Latin canis, Gothic hunds (κύων), etc.)

κῠν-άριον, τό, diminutive of κύων, little dog, puppy, NT+5th c.BC+; small waxen image of a dog used in magic, Refs 5th c.BC+

† [נָבַח] vb. bark (of dogs) (NH id.; Arabic نَبَحَ; Ethiopic ነብሐ:; Aramaic ܢܒܰܚ, נְבַח);— Qal Inf. cstr. only כֻּלָּם כְּלָבִים אִלְּמִים לֹא יוּכְלוּ לִנְבֹּחַ Is 56:10 fig. of helpless prophets.