Body (Physical Form)

σῶμα, ατος, τό Refs 4th c.AD+ dative plural σωμάτεσι Refs 3rd c.BC+, body of man or beast, but in Refs 8th c.BC+, always dead body, corpse (whereas the living body is δέμας), ὥς τε λέων ἐχάρη μεγάλῳ ἐπὶ σώματι κύρσας Refs 8th c.BC+; ς. δὲ οἴκαδ᾽ ἐμὸν δόμεναι πάλιν Refs 8th c.BC+; so also in NT+8th c.BC+; νεκρὸν σ. Refs 2nd c.AD+; μέγιστον σ... σποδου, ={σ. μέγιστον ὃ νῦν σποδός ἐστι}, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 the living body, Refs 8th c.BC+; γενναῖος τῷ σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; εὔρωστος τὸ σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σ. σῴζειν or -εσθαι save one's life, Refs 5th c.BC+; διασῴζειν or -εσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+; περὶ τοῦ σ. ἀγωνίζεσθαι for one's life, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔχειν τὸ σ. κακῶς, ὡς βέλτιστα, etc., to be in a bad, a good state of bodily health, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 body, opposed to spirit (εἴδωλον), Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to soul (ψυχή), Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ τοῦ σ. ἔργα bodily labours, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ τοῦ σ. ἡδοναί, αἱ κατὰ τὸ σ. ἡδ.,Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ εἰς τὸ σ. τιμήματα bodily punishments, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 animal body, opposed to plants, Refs 5th c.BC+; but of plants, NT __5 civic rights (like Latin caput), Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄτιμοι τὰ σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; μέρος ἠτιμῶσθαι τοῦ σ. Refs 4th c.BC+ __6 in “NT”, of the sacramental body of Christ, τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ σ. μου NT __6.b of the body of Christ's church, οἱ πολλοὶ ἓν σ. ἐσμεν ἐν Χριστῷ NT; ἡ ἐκκλησία ἥτις ἐστὶ τὸ σ. [τοῦ Χριστοῦ] NT __II periphrastic, ἀνθρώπου σ. ἓν οὐδέν, ={ἄνθρωπος οὐδὲ εἷς}, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially in Trag., σῶμα θηρός, ={θήρ}, Refs 5th c.BC+; τεκέων σώματα, ={τέκνα}, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σὸν σ., ={σύ}, Refs; rarely in singular of many persons, σῶμα τέκνων Refs __II.2 a person, human being, τὰ πολλὰ σ., ={οἱ πολλοί}, Refs 5th c.BC+; λευκὰ γήρᾳ σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑκάστου τοῦ σώματος, Refsper person, Refs 3rd c.BC+; καταστήσαντες τὸ σ. ἀφείσθωσαν τῆς ἐγγύης Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἐργαζομένη αὑτῇ τῷ ἰδίῳ σ. working for herself, earning her own living, Refs 3rd c.BC+; τὰ φίλτατα σ., of children, Refs 4th c.BC+; frequently of slaves, αἰχμάλωτα σ. Refs 4th c.BC+; οἰκετικὰ σ. Legal cited in Refs 4th c.BC+; δοῦλα Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐλεύθερα σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; later, σῶμα is used absolutely for a slave, NT+3rd c.BC+; a usage censured by Poll. [prev. cited] and Refs 2nd c.AD+; also of troops, τὴν τῶν σ. σύνταξιν Refs 4th c.BC+ __III generally, a body, i.e. any corporeal substance, δεῖ αὐτὸ (i.e. τὸ ὄν) σ. μὴ ἔχειν Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ἄψυχον, ἔμψυχον, Refs 5th c.BC+; κυκλικὸν σ., of one of the spheres, Refs 4th c.AD+; τὸ πέμπτον σ. the fifth element, Refs 5th c.BC+; metallic substance, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 in Mathematics texts, figure of three dimensions, solid, opposed to a surface, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV the body or whole of a thing, especially of complete parts of the body, τὸ σ. τῶν νεφρῶν Refs; τὸ σ. τῆς γαστρός, τῆς κοιλίας, Refs 2nd c.AD+: generally, the whole body or frame of a thing, ὑπὸ σώματι γᾶς Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ σ. τοῦ παντός, τοῦ κόσμου, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὕδωρ, ποταμοῦ σ. Refs 4th c.BC+; τὸ σ. τῆς πίστεως the body of the proof, i.e. arguments, Refs 4th c.BC+ H.; of a body of writings, Refs 1st c.BC+; text of a document, opposed to ὑπογραφή, Refs 2nd c.AD+; of a will, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __IV.2 ξύλα σώματα logs, opposed to κλάδοι, Refs 3rd c.AD+; σ. μέγα περσέας Refs 3rd c.AD+

† [גְּשֵׁם] n.m. Dn 4:30 body (v. √ גשׁם in BH; 𝔗J גּוּשְׁמָא, גִּשְׁמָא (DWB 83), Syriac ܓܽܘܫܡܳܐ, body, self);—body of man, sf. גִּשְׁמֵהּ Dn 4:30; 5:21; 7:11, pl. sf. גֶּשְׁמֵיהוּן (K§ 15 a) 3:27, 28, both Kt, Qr sg. גֶּשְׁמְהוֹן (K§ 54, 3b)).

† [גַּף] n.m. body, self, height, elevation (cf. NH גּוּף)—sg. sf. גַּפּוֹ Ex 21:3(×2), 4; pl. cstr. גַּפֵּי Pr 9:3;— 1. body, self, only in phr. יָבֹא בְּגַפּוֹ (יֵצֵא) he shall come in (go out) by himself (with his body) Ex 21:3(×2), 4; in law of slave (cf. Di) 2. height, elevation עַל־גַּפֵּי מְרֹמֵי קָ֑רֶת Pr 9:3.

κῶλον, τό, limb, member of a body, especially leg, Refs 5th c.BC+: mostly in plural, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, of arms and legs, and of animals, fore and hind legs, τὰ ἐμπρόσθια κ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 ={κωλῆ}Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 of plants, limb, arm, σκολιῆς ἄγρια κ. βάτου Refs 4th c.BC+: in plural, also, internodes of the νάρθηξ, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II generally, member, __II.1 of a building, side or front, of a square or triangular building, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.1.b upright of a ladder, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 limb or lap of the race-course, διαύλου θάτερον κ. Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 Rhet., member or clause of a περίοδος, Refs 5th c.BC+; στίξομεν κατὰ κῶλον Castor in Refs W.; διελὼν πρὸς κῶλον, of Origen in his Hexapla, Refs 4th c.AD+ __II.4 in verse, metrical unit containing fewer than three συζυγίαι without catalexis, Refs 7th c.AD+ element of a στροφή, Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.5 ῥινοῦ ἐΰστροφα κ., poetry for a sling, Refs __II.6 incorrect form for κόλον (which see), Refs 6th c.AD+; compare κωλικός.

Included with: σωμᾰτ-ικός, ή, όν, of or for the body, bodily, opposed to ψυχικός, ἔργα Refs 4th c.BC+; τὰ σ. ἡδέαRefs 2nd c.BC+; ἐργασίαι Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἀσθένεια Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 bodily, corporeal, opposed to ἀσώματος, Refs 4th c.BC+; σ. ἐποίησαν τὰ δώδεκα ζῴδια κατὰ τὰ μέλη τοῦ ἀνθρώπου gave somatic application Refs to.. , Rhetor.in Refs: comparative -ώτερος Refs 4th c.BC+: superlative σωμᾰτ-ώτατος Refs adverb -κῶς corporeally, NT+1st c.AD+, opposed to 'in aspect', Refs 2nd c.AD+: comparative -ώτερονRefs 2nd c.AD+ __3 forming a corpus, αἱ σποράδην καὶ οὐ σ. ζητήσεις Refs 3rd c.AD+

† II. גֵּוָה n.f. back—(so also Di Hoffm SS; 𝔊 Thes De AV RV body = גְּוִיָּה, cf. BaZMG 1887, 605) Jb 20:25 וַיֵּצֵא מִגֵּוָה it comes out from the back (of arrow which has struck a fugitive, and is then extracted; Hoffm reads מִגֵּוֹה).—i. גֵּוָה sub גאה.

† [גֹּ֫שֶׁם] n.[m.] גֻּשְֿׁמָהּ Ez 22:24 (or גִּשְׁמָהּ from גֶּשֶׁם?) according to punct.; but cf. sub גשׁם vb.

† [דְּרָע] n.[f.] arm (so 𝔗 Syriac);—pl. sf. דְּרָע֫וֹהִי Dn 2:32.

† נִדְנֵ֑ה (Mas Baer) n. [m.] sheath (𝔗 נְדָן, לְדָן; v. BH (late) נָדָן, Pers. loan-word);—רוּחִי … בְּגוֹ נ׳ Dn 7:15 my spirit in (its) sheath, i.e. my body; נִדְנָה emph., or sf. נִדְנַהּ (K§ 54. 3. β)); or (NöGGA. 1884, 1022 Bev) נְדָנַהּ; but expression at best strange; read prob. בְּגִין דְּנָה on account of this (בְּגִין as 𝔗J; D§ 47. 3 (2nd ed. 47. 10)), M72* cf. Buhl Dr.