Abyss and Deep

† תְּהוֹם n.f. Gn 7:11 + 7 times et. m. Jb. 28:14 + 5 times (AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 62 Köii. 2. 167 Ency. Bib. Deep) deep, sea, abyss (almost always poet.);—abs. ת׳ Gn 1:2 +; pl. abs. תְּהֹמוֹת ψ 77:17 +, etc., בַּתּ׳ Is 63:13 ψ 106:9 (only here c. art.); cstr. תְּהוֹמוֹת 71:20 (but v. 5 infra);— 1. deep, of subterranean waters, Gn 49:25 (poem in J; opp. שָׁמַיִם), Dt 33:13 (opp. id.); מַעְיְנוֹת ת׳ רַבָּה Gn 7:11; 8:2 (P; ‖ אֲרֻבֹּת הַשָּׁמַיִם), עִינוֹת ת׳ Pr 8:28 (‖ שְׁחָקִים), Jb 28:14; 38:16 (both ‖ יָם); תְּהוֹם רַבָּה Am 7:4 (prob.), מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ ת׳ רַבָּה ψ 36:7 (opp. צִדְקָֽתְךָ כְּהַרְרֵי אֵל), Is 51:10 (perhaps); so pl. תְּהֹמוֹת, Pr 8:24 (‖ מַעְיָנוֹת), 3:20 (opp. שְׁחָקִים), and prob. ψ 33:7 (‖ מֵי הַיָּם), 135:6 (+ יַמִּים). 2. (deep) sea, overwhelming Tyre Ez 26:19 (‖ הַמַּיִם הָרַבִּים), roaring at theoph Hb 3:10; in gen., ‖ יָם, Jb 38:30 (פְנֵי ת׳); ‖ מַיִם Jon 2:6; alone Jb 41:24; fig., ת׳ אֶל־ת׳ קוֹרֵא ψ 42:8 (‖ מִשְׁבָּרִים, גַּלִּים; but poss. here of Jordan, cf. 4); in pl. = abysses of sea, Ex 15:5, 8 (of Red Sea, so) Is 63:13 ‖ ψ 106:9, ψ 77:17; also 78:15 (in sim.), 107:26 (poet. of hollows of great waves, opp. שָׁמַיִם; vaguely, כָּל־תְּהֹמוֹת ψ 135:6; 148:7. 3. primaeval ocean, deep, in Heb. cosmogony, פְּנֵי ת׳ Gn 1:2 (P; ‖ פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם), Pr 8:27 (‖ שָׁמַיִם), ψ 104:6.—(cf., further, GunkSchöpfung u. Chaos 21 ff. OCWhitehouseHast. DB Cosmogony ZimKAT3, 492 f., 509 f., 585). 4. deep, depth, of river Ez 31:4 (Nile; ‖ מַיִם, + נַהֲרוֹתֶיהָ), v 15 (‖ id.); pl. of bursts of water fertilizing Canaan, יוצאים בבקעה ובהר Dt 8:7 (+ עֲיָנֹת, נַחֲלֵי מַיִם).—On ψ 42:8 v. 2. 5. abyss (si vera l.): תְּהוֹמוֹת הָאָרֶץ = She’ôl, ψ 71:20, but Ol We תַּחְתִּיּוֹת.

ἄβυσσος, ον, bottomless, unfathomed, πηγαίRefs 5th c.BC+: generally, unfathomable, boundless, πλοῦτοςRefs 5th c.BC+ __II ἡ ἄ. the great deep, LXX: the abyss, underworld, NT; the infinite void, Refs

βάθος [ᾰ], εος, τό, (βαθύς) depth or height, accusative as measured up or down, Ταρτάρου βάθη Refs 5th c.BC+; βάθους μετέχειν to be a solid, possessing depth as well as length and breadth, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to μῆκος, πλάτος, Refs 4th c.BC+: with Preps., ἐκ βάθεος in depth, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκ βάθους through and through, Refs 4th c.BC+; κατὰ βάθος in a descending scale, metaphorically of causation, Refs 5th c.AD+: frequently in military sense, depth of a line of battle, Refs 5th c.BC+in depth of line, Refs 5th c.BC+; β. τριχῶν, of long thick hair, Refs 5th c.BC+; interior of a country, Refs 1st c.BC+; depth, of perspective in a picture, Refs 5th c.BC+depths, Refs 5th c.BC+; deep water, opposed to shallows near shore, LXX+NT+4th c.BC+ __b Astron., ={ταπείνωμα}, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 metaphorically, κακῶν ὁρῶν β. NT+5th c.BC+; depth of mind, β. τι ἔχειν γενναῖον, of Parmenides, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐν βάθει πόσιος deep in drink, LXX+3rd c.BC+; τὰ β. τοῦ θεοῦ, τοῦ Σατανᾶ, NT __3 of literal style, bathos, ὕψους ἢ β. Refs 3rd c.AD+

βῠθός, ὁ, the depth, especially of the sea, NT+4th c.BC+ __b generally, συνιζάνειν εἰς β. sink to the bottom, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐκ βυθοῦ κηκῖον αἷμα from the deep wound, Refs 4th c.BC+ in the depth of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπέρκοσμος β. abyss, Refs 5th c.AD+

Ταρτᾰρ-όω, cast into Tartarus or hell, NT+8th c.BC+ Τάρτᾰρ-ος, ὁ,   also ἡ Refs 8th c.BC+; later, the nether world generally, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀπέραντος, κελαινός, Refs 4th c.BC+; Ταρτάρου μελαμβαθὴς κευθμώνLXX __II personified as husband of Gaia and father of Typhoeus, Refs 8th c.BC+; ὦ Γᾶς παῖ καὶ Ταρτάρου, of Cerberus, Refs 5th c.BC+

χάσμα, ατος, τό, (χαίνω) yawning chasm, gulf, χ. μέγα, of Tartarus, Refs 8th c.BC+; χθονός, πέτρας, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II open, gaping mouth, χ. θηρός Refs 5th c.BC+; as forming a helmet, Refs; of a yawning gulf, χάρυβδις.. ἄρμα περιβαλοῦσα χάσματι Refs 6th c.AD+; χ. φάρυγος, of a lion,Refs 7th c.BC+ __III generally, any wide opening, θυρέτρων χ. ἀχανές Refs 4th c.BC+; also, expanse, of the sky and sea, χ. πελάγεος τὸ δὴ Αἰγαῖον καλέεται Refs 5th c.BC+

† צוּלָה n.f. ocean-deep;—Is 44:27.